Zooplankton-microplastic exposure in Delaware coastal waters: Atlantic blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) larvae case study.

High microplastic concentrations in the Delaware Bay have prompted concern regarding harm to local species. We consider the extent to which the zooplankton is exposed to bay-derived microplastics, focusing on Atlantic blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) during offshore larval migration. We simulate regional flow fields for a spawning season in the Delaware coastal system to advect passive Lagrangian microplastic and zooplankton tracers.

Methods for controlled preparation and dosing of microplastic fragments in bioassays.

Microplastic fragments (microfragments) are among the most abundant microplastic shapes found in marine ecosystems throughout the world. Due to their limited commercial availability, microfragments are rarely used in laboratory experiments. Here a novel method of microfragment production has been developed and validated.

The unique and conditional effects of interoceptive exposure in the treatment of anxiety: A functional analysis.

Interoceptive exposure (IE; exposure focused on anxiety about somatic sensations) is a well-established component of treatments for panic disorder (PD), but little is known about the specificity of its effects or individual response patterns resulting from this intervention. This study investigated the utility of IE in the treatment of PD with claustrophobia, examining its mechanisms in isolation and in combination with situational exposure. Ten adults with PD and claustrophobia were treated with a flexible single-case approach.

Quality of Life in Heterogeneous Anxiety Disorders: Changes Across Cognitive-Behavioral Treatments.

Quality of life is lower among individuals with anxiety disorders; however, this construct is rarely a focus in treatment research. This study explores changes in quality of life in a randomized, controlled trial of several cognitive-behavioral treatments (CBTs) for anxiety disorders. Adults with heterogeneous anxiety disorders ( = 223) were randomly assigned to (a) unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders, (c) a single-disorder protocol targeting their principal diagnosis, or (c) a waitlist control condition, and assessed at baseline, posttreatment, and 6-month follow-up.

Attentional Bias Modification for Social Anxiety Disorder: What do Patients Think and Why does it Matter?

Background: In the past decade, a great deal of research has examined the efficacy and mechanisms of attentional bias modification (ABM), a computerized cognitive training intervention for anxiety and other disorders. However, little research has examined how anxious patients perceive ABM, and it is unclear to what extent perceptions of ABM influence outcome.

Aims: To examine patient perceptions of ABM across two studies, using a mixed methods approach.