Case report: Long-term response to a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors as a single treatment for multiple synchronous cancers: a case study.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy by enhancing the antitumor immune response. This case describes an 80-year-old male with synchronous multiple primary malignancies (MPMs), including lung metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and brain metastatic urothelial carcinoma, who was treated with dual ICI therapy.

Case Presentation: The patient, with a history of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, well-differentiated neuroendocrine duodenal tumors and micronodular exogenous cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A), presented with a non-invasive bladder carcinoma (pT1N0M0) resected endoscopically in December 2022.

Epidemiological profile of kidney transplant patients with lupus nephritis.

Introduction: Lupus nephritis (LN) affects up to 50% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and may lead to kidney failure and require kidney transplantation (KT). Results compared to KT from other causes are controversial, and we aimed to assess the clinical course, complications, and survival of LN patients undergoing KT.

Methodology: Retrospective cohort of 99 KT due to LN from 1977 to 2023 at a single center, divided into two groups according to the immunosuppression period: G1 (before 2009) and G2 (from 2009 onwards).

Unveiling Neoadjuvant Therapy: Insights and Outlooks for HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer.

This perspective underscores the evolution and significance of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer, tracing its history and efficacy in improving outcomes. It delves into the correlation between achieving complete response and long-term survival, emphasizing the predictive value of treatment response estimation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer, particularly with taxanes and anti-HER2 therapies, emerges as a cornerstone, offering enhanced breast conservation rates and prognostic insights.

Neoadjuvant Therapy: Current Landscape and Future Horizons for ER-Positive/HER2-Negative and Triple-Negative Early Breast Cancer.

Navigating the complex landscape of breast cancer treatment involves distinct strategies for luminal and triple-negative subtypes. While neoadjuvant chemotherapy historically dominates the approach for aggressive triple-negative tumors, recent evidence highlights the transformative impact of immunotherapy, alongside chemotherapy, in reshaping treatment paradigms. In luminal cancers, endocrine therapy, notably aromatase inhibitors, demonstrates promising outcomes in postmenopausal patients with low-grade luminal A tumors.

Negative parental and offspring environmental effects of macroalgae on coral recruitment are linked with alterations in the coral larval microbiome.

The persistence of reef-building corals is threatened by macroalgal competitors leading to a major demographic bottleneck in coral recruitment. Whether parental effects exist under coral-algal competition and whether they influence offspring performance via microbiome alterations represent major gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms by which macroalgae may hinder coral recovery. We investigated the diversity, variability and composition of the microbiome of adults and larvae of the coral and surrounding benthic substrate on algal-removed and algal-dominated bommies.