Occurrence of Rn and Ra in underground water and Rn in soil and their mutual correlations for underground water supplies in southern Greater Poland.

European Union Council Directive 2013/51/EURATOM recently sets out so-called indicator parameters for: radon, tritium and indicative dose of water intended for human consumption. The aim of this research was to elaborate an effective procedure for determination of radon and radium Ra isotopes (which are potentially the main contributors to the internal dose from drinking and cooking water) and to find the possible relationships between these radionuclides in underground water reservoirs and Rn concentration in the soil gas in their vicinity. The research was performed by applying a non-volatile and water-immiscible scintillation cocktail based on a pure diisopropylnaphthalene (Ultima Gold F: UGF), which allow for efficient radon extraction from 0.

A fast method for the simultaneous determination of soil radon (Rn) and thoron (Rn) concentrations by liquid scintillation counting.

This paper presents a fast method dedicated to measurements of radon nuclides in the soil gas. The soil gas is sampled by a typical hollow tube probe by 10 min of sucking of about 3 dm of gas and passing it directly through a 16 cm of water-immiscible liquid scintillator placed in a typical 20 cm scintillation vials, where the radon and thoron nuclides are effectively absorbed. Most of the presently used active methods for radon isotopes determination (e.

Fast determination of indoor radon (Rn) concentration using liquid scintillation counting.

The indoor Rn radionuclide was directly absorbed in typical 20 ml glass scintillation vials by passing -3 dm of ambient air through 16 ml of water-immiscible non-volataile scintillation cocktail Ultima-Gold F for 10 min. The activity of radon and its two -emitting daughters: Po and Po, was determined with the BetaScout low-background liquid scintillation counter. The limit of Rn detection is 9 Bq/m, and the quantification limit with 20% relative accuracy is 28 Bq/m.

Use of radiometric (U and Ra) and mass spectrometry (Sr) methods for studies of the stability of groundwater reservoirs in Central Poland.

The uranium (U/U) and radium (Ra/Ra) activity ratios and Sr/Sr isotopic ratio in thermal groundwater, subsurface water (groundwater) and river water from Poddebice and Uniejow were determined. The uranium and radium activity ratios and strontium isotopic ratio varied from 0.629 to 1.

Optimization of the heavy metal (Bi-W-Gd-Sb) concentrations in the elastomeric shields for computer tomography (CT).

Eight elastomeric composites (NRU, GR1-GR4, NRBG08-NRBG24) containing mixtures of different proportions of heavy metal additives (Bi, W, Gd and Sb) have been synthesized and examined as protective shields. The NRU sample was a pure rubber matrix and served as a reference sample for heavy metal modified composites. Experimental procedure used for evaluation of the composite shields and their attenuation properties was based on the utilization of HPGe spectrometry and analysis of X-ray fluorescence radiation intensity of the heavy metal additives in the following energy ranges for: Sb (20-35 keV), Gd (35-55 keV), W (55-70 keV) and Bi (70-90 keV).