Defining Normal Enthesis Stiffness Range in A Healthy Adult Population.

Objectives: This study explores the correlation between volunteer demographics with enthesis stiffness and intra and inter -observer agreements using shear wave elastography (SWE).

Methods: 98 healthy volunteers were recruited. SWE was performed on quadriceps, suprapatellar, infrapatellar, and Achilles entheses.

The Development of Gout Treat-To-Target booklet.

Introduction: The treat-to-target serum uric acid approach is recommended in local and international guidelines on gout management. Instruction for initiation and dose escalation for urate lowering therapy may cause confusion to the patient. Our aim was to develop and validate Gout Treat-To- Target booklet to aid in patient education.

Associated Factors of Tophaceous Gout: A Study Involving 20 Primary Care Clinics in an Urbanized State in Malaysia.

Objectives: Gout is a treatable disease. A complication of untreated or poorly-controlled gout is tophi formation. We conducted this study to investigate the associated factors of tophaceous gout among patients who attended 20 primary care clinics in Selangor, an urbanized state in Malaysia.

2D shear wave elastography for the assessment of quadriceps entheses-a methodological study.

Objective: To establish the scanning protocol for 2-dimensional shear wave elastography (SWE) on normal entheses by investigating the possible confounding factors that may increase the variability of measured elasticity.

Material And Methods: 30 normal quadriceps entheses were scanned using SWE to compare the stiffness and coefficient variation by changing the ultrasonic coupling gel thickness, knee position, region of interest size, and scanning plane.

Results: No significant difference in median shear wave velocity (SWV) was observed in different coupling gel thicknesses.

High prevalence of undiagnosed impaired glucose tolerance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: Although the risk of diabetes mellitus has been recognised in rheumatoid arthritis, undiagnosed dysglycaemia remained under-reported. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of dysglycaemia among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, utilising the oral glucose tolerance test.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved patients with rheumatoid arthritis, aged ⩾30 years.