Lymphography and percutaneous lymph node biopsy in clinically localized carcinoma of the prostate.

Accurate staging of prostatic carcinoma requires determination of the status of the regional draining lymph nodes. Pelvic lymphadenectomy is the definitive examination but has certain morbidity and even mortality. Lymphography is safe but may not be sufficiently accurate.

Ureteral injuries during vascular surgery.

The rapid increase in the number of vascular surgical procedures done has led to a new class of iatrogenic ureteral injuries. Vena caval ligation, bilateral lumbar sympathectomy, bypass procedures and abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy produce the majority of these injuries. Established principles useful in the repair of iatrogenic injuries following a gynecologic or colonic operation often are inapplicable.