Indian Academy of Pediatrics Revised (2021) Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency and Rickets.

Justification: The emerging literature on prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in India, prevention and treatment strategies of rickets, and extra-skeletal benefits of vitamin D suggest the need for revising the existing guidelines for prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in India.

Objectives: To review the emerging literature on vitamin D prevalence and need for universal vitamin D supplementation. To suggest optimum vitamin D therapy for treatment of asymptomatic and symptomatic vitamin D deficiency, and rickets.

Fungal peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: The impact of antifungal prophylaxis on patient and technique outcomes.

Fungal peritonitis (FP) is a rare, but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis. We analyzed the incidence of FP, associated risk factors and outcome of patients with FP and evaluated the role of prophylactic antifungal agent in reducing its incidence. We studied all patients with FP from January 2005 to January 2012.

A miniseries of spontaneous intramural esophageal hematoma in hemodialysis patients: a rare cause of dysphagia.

Intramural esophageal hematoma (IEH) is an uncommon clinical condition, with a prognosis that is essentially benign. In most cases, a predisposing factor may be seen, with the most common being the history of esophagic instrumentation, food impactions, and thrombocytopenia. We report a miniseries of 3 patients on hemodialysis, who developed IEH.