Acetylsalicylic acid alone or in combination with either enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin for postoperative thromboprophylaxis in coronary artery bypass surgery patients. A randomised clinical trial assessing surrogate outcomes.

Introduction: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery has considerable effects on patient haemostasis. Heparins as thromboprophylaxis may be beneficial but may also increase the risk of bleeding complications.

Objectives: To assess the effects of heparins on haemostasis in post-coronary artery bypass graft patients.

Pulmonary vascular adaptations to hypoxia in elite breath-hold divers.

Introduction: Elite breath-hold divers (BHD) possess several oxygen conserving adaptations to endure long dives similar to diving mammals. During dives, Bottlenose Dolphins may increase the alveolar ventilation (V) to perfusion (Q) ratio to increase alveolar oxygen delivery. We hypothesized that BHD possess similar adaptive mechanisms during apnea.

Hemoglobin concentration and blood shift during dry static apnea in elite breath hold divers.

Introduction: Elite breath-hold divers (BHD) enduring apneas of more than 5 min are characterized by tolerance to arterial blood oxygen levels of 4.3 kPa and low oxygen-consumption in their hearts and skeletal muscles, similar to adult seals. Adult seals possess an adaptive higher hemoglobin-concentration and Bohr effect than pups, and when sedated, adult seals demonstrate a blood shift from the spleen towards the brain, lungs, and heart during apnea.

Extreme Hypoxia Causing Brady-Arrythmias During Apnea in Elite Breath-Hold Divers.

The cardiac electrical conduction system is very sensitive to hypoglycemia and hypoxia, and the consequence may be brady-arrythmias. Weddell seals endure brady-arrythmias during their dives when desaturating to 3.2 kPa and elite breath-hold-divers (BHD), who share metabolic and cardiovascular adaptions including bradycardia with diving mammals, endure similar desaturation during maximum apnea.