Orofacial pain in young adults and associated childhood and adulthood factors: results of the population study, Wales, United Kingdom.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of orofacial pain (OFP) among young adults (30-31 years old) and to determine the effect of childhood and adulthood risk factors on the occurrence of OFP.

Methods: Prospective cohort study to investigate dental and social effects of malocclusion and effectiveness of orthodontic treatment was conducted in Wales, United Kingdom. At 20-year follow-up 337 subjects aged 30-31 participated (74% from previous follow-up aged 19-20 and 33% from the baseline) and were asked about OFP.

Twenty-year cohort study of health gain from orthodontic treatment: temporomandibular disorders.

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common condition. Studies of TMD in relation to orthodontic treatment did not show an association, but longitudinal studies from adolescence to adulthood are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between orthodontic treatment and TMD with a longitudinal study design.

An adventure in biotechnology: the development of haemophilia A therapeutics -- from whole-blood transfusion to recombinant DNA to gene therapy.

The past decade has seen an explosion in the number of therapeutic proteins available for a wide spectrum of diseases. Some of these proteins are obtained from human plasma. Examples of these therapeutic proteins are albumin, intravenous immunoglobulins and prothrombin complex concentrates.

Issues with the assay of factor VIII activity in plasma and factor VIII concentrates.

A review of the literature suggests that assays accurate for the determination of factor VIII in plasma samples may not necessarily retain this accuracy when used for the determination of factor VIII in high-purity factor VII concentrates such as Hemofil M. Review of assay data suggests that it is imperative to obtain maximal activation of the factor VIII in the sample with thrombin when using an assay system of isolated coagulation factors such as the two-stage assay or the various chromogenic substrate assays. Based on a combination of ease and reproducibility of performance and correlation of in vivo and in vitro measurements.