Nalbuphine does not act analgetically in electrical painful tooth pulp stimulation in man.

Nalbuphine is a mixed opioid agonist/antagonist, the analgesic properties of which are still open to debate. In a randomized and placebo-controlled protocol, we compared its effects (0.2 mg/kg) on man's perception of multimodal stimuli (i.

Sympathetic blockade by epidural anesthesia attenuates the cardiovascular response to severe hypoxemia.

Blood pressure is usually well maintained during epidural or spinal anesthesia even in the presence of extensive sympathetic blockade. The authors investigated whether hormonal systems support arterial pressure and how the circulation copes with a hypoxic challenge when activation of the sympathetic nervous system is selectively impaired by neural blockade. Accordingly, the effects of high epidural anesthesia alone and combined with hypoxia were evaluated in seven awake trained dogs.

The opiate antagonist naloxone does not arouse man from natural delta sleep.

To see if the opiate receptor/endorphin system plays a part in the regulation of natural sleep in humans the effects of the opiate antagonist naloxone on delta sleep were examined. The sleep behaviour of each of six healthy male volunteers aged 20-32 years was monitored by continuous recordings of EEG, EOG, EMG, heart rate and respiratory rate for 3 nights. The sleep stages were evaluated according to Rechtschaffen and Kales.