Trophic Transfer of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, P and Se in Dutch Storage Water Reservoirs.

Heavy metals are naturally omnipresent in aquatic systems. Excess amounts of heavy metals can accumulate in organisms of pollution impacted systems and transfer across a food web. Analysing the food web structure and metal contents of the organisms can help unravel the pathways of biomagnification or biodilution and gain insight in trophic linkages.

species from non-chlorinated distribution systems and their competitive planktonic growth in drinking water.

is included in the Dutch Drinking Water Decree as an indicator for elevated microbial regrowth in non-chlorinated drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). The temporal and spatial diversity of species in ten DWDS and their planktonic growth characteristics for different carbon sources was investigated. Genotyping of the B gene of isolates showed a non-systematic temporal and spatial variable prevalence of seven different species in these DWDS and no correlation with AOC-P17/NOX and concentrations.

Spatial and Temporal Dynamics in Attached and Suspended Bacterial Communities in Three Drinking Water Distribution Systems with Variable Biological Stability.

Microbial presence and regrowth in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) is routinely monitored to assess the biological stability of drinking water without a residual disinfectant, but the conventional microbiological culture methods currently used target only a very small fraction of the complete DWDS microbiome. Here, we sequenced 16S rRNA gene amplicons to elucidate the attached and suspended prokaryotic community dynamics within three nonchlorinated DWDSs with variable regrowth conditions distributing similarly treated surface water from the same source. One rural location, with less regrowth related issues, differed most strikingly from the other two urban locations by the exclusive presence of () in the biofilm and the absence of () in the water and loose deposits during summer.

QMRA of adenovirus in drinking water at a drinking water treatment plant using UV and chlorine dioxide disinfection.

According to the Dutch Drinking Water Act of 2011, Dutch drinking water suppliers must conduct a Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) for infection by the following index pathogens: enterovirus, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium and Giardia at least once every four years in order to assess the microbial safety of drinking water. The health-based target for safe drinking water is set at less than one infection per 10 000 persons per year. At Evides Water Company, concern has arisen whether their drinking water treatment, mainly based on UV inactivation and chlorine dioxide, reduces levels of adenovirus (AdV) sufficiently.