Comparison of the GlideScope and the McGrath method using vascular forceps and a tube exchanger in cases of simulated difficult airway intubation.

Background: A "difficult airway" can be simulated with an extrication collar, which restricts cervical motion and mouth opening. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of the GlideScope and the McGrath in difficult airway simulation.

Methods: Patients were randomized using computer-generated numbers and were placed into the GlideScope group or the McGrath group.

End-tidal concentration of sevoflurane for reducing rocuronium-induced withdrawal reactions in adult patients: a comparison between male and female patients.

Background: In this study, we assessed the 50% effective concentration (EC50) of sevoflurane for reducing a rocuronium-induced reaction, based on the Dixon's up-and-down method. We also assessed the 50 and 95% effective end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane (ETsev), based on the probit regression curve of the probability of nonwithdrawal reaction.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, double-blind study in 23 males and 24 females.