Demographics, medication use, and admission characteristics of patients hospitalized with diabetes in Ontario, Canada: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: In Canada, one in seven adults has diabetes (i.e., 2.

EMERGE: Evaluating the value of Measuring Random Plasma Glucose Values for Managing Hyperglycemia in the Inpatient Setting.

Importance: A diagnosis of diabetes is considered when a patient has hyperglycemia with a random plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL. However, in the inpatient setting, hyperglycemia is frequently non-specific, especially among patients who are acutely unwell. As a result, patients with transient hyperglycemia may be incorrectly labeled as having diabetes, leading to unnecessary treatment, and potential harm.

Assessing and Managing Unintentional Weight Loss: A Global Survey of Geriatrician Practice and Their Use of Ice Cream to Address It.

Objectives: Unintentional weight loss (UIWL) is common among older adults but lacks standardized methods for its diagnosis and management. With a limited understanding on how geriatricians actually address UIWL, we conducted a survey to examine how they diagnose and manage it, and their opinions regarding the use of ice cream to address it.

Design, Setting, And Participants: An international descriptive, cross-sectional, online survey conducted over a 16-week period in 2019 involving 1131 geriatricians in clinical practice across 51 countries.

Correction to: The Toronto cognitive assessment (TorCA): normative data and validation to detect amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Upon publication of this article [1], it was brought to our attention that one of the 303 participants in the normative study should have been deleted from the database.

The Toronto Cognitive Assessment (TorCA): normative data and validation to detect amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Background: A need exists for easily administered assessment tools to detect mild cognitive changes that are more comprehensive than screening tests but shorter than a neuropsychological battery and that can be administered by physicians, as well as any health care professional or trained assistant in any medical setting. The Toronto Cognitive Assessment (TorCA) was developed to achieve these goals.

Methods: We obtained normative data on the TorCA (n = 303), determined test reliability, developed an iPad version, and validated the TorCA against neuropsychological assessment for detecting amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) (n = 50/57, aMCI/normal cognition).

Integrin αIIbβ3-Dependent ERK Signaling Is Regulated by Src and Rho Kinases in Both Leu33 and Pro33 Polymorphic Isoforms.

Platelet integrin αIIbβ3 possesses a Leu/Pro polymorphism at residue 33 (Leu33/HPA-1a or Pro33/HPA-1b). The Pro33 isoform has been suggested to exhibit prothrombotic features. αIIbβ3-expressing CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells on immobilized fibrinogen show activation of the MAP kinase family member ERK2, with an enhanced ERK2 activity in Pro33 cells compared to Leu33 cells.

Impact of shear stress on Src and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation in fibrinogen-adherent platelets.

: Shear stress alone can activate platelets resulting in a subsequent platelet aggregation, so-called 'shear-induced platelet aggregation'. In our work, we analyzed how differently elevated shear stress impacts the Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation in fibrinogen-adherent human platelets. We detected the extents of Src pY418 and FAK pY397 activations in platelets on immobilized fibrinogen and over BSA under shear conditions.

Fibronectin unfolded by adherent but not suspended platelets: An in vitro explanation for its dual role in haemostasis.

Fibronectin (FN), a dimeric adhesive glycoprotein, which is present both in plasma and the extracellular matrix can interact with platelets and thus contribute to platelet adhesion and aggregation. It has been shown that FN can decrease platelet aggregation but enhance platelet adhesion, suggesting a dual role of FN in haemostasis. The prevalent function(s) of FN may be determined by its fibril form.

Consensus Report: 2nd European Workshop on Tobacco Use Prevention and Cessation for Oral Health Professionals.

Tobacco use has been identified as a major risk factor for oral disorders such as cancer and periodontal disease. Tobacco use cessation (TUC) is associated with the potential for reversal of precancer, enhanced outcomes following periodontal treatment, and better periodontal status compared to patients who continue to smoke. Consequently, helping tobacco users to quit has become a part of both the responsibility of oral health professionals and the general practice of dentistry.

[Model program for screening oral cancers in the Roma population].

Oral cancer has been identified as a significant public health threat. It is reported that about 3,800 new cases of oral cancer are diagnosed in Hungary each year with approximately 1,700 associated deaths. Oral cancer is the 6th most common cancer in men.

Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water samples using a novel synthetic medium and impedimetric technology.

Aims: To investigate whether the use of a novel synthetic medium in conjunction with impedimetric technology could provide a rapid and automated detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water samples.

Methods And Results: A selective synthetic medium (Z-broth) in which the only carbon and nitrogen source is acetamide was applied in direct impedimetric examination for the selective isolation of P. aeruginosa.

Engineering clinician leadership and success in tobacco control: recommendations for policy and practice in Hungary and Central Europe.

Decades of research and advocacy to control tobacco use and related public-health harm have not counterbalanced the tobacco industry's successful stronghold, which is ever-increasing in countries with weaker anti-tobacco leadership. Current rates of tobacco use and harm in Hungary and other Central European countries mark them as some of the industry's greater successes. Following the Behavioural Ecological Model, a framework for behavioural and cultural change, this paper reviews important ways that dentists, physicians and other healthcare providers can counter the tobacco industry's influence on patients, communities, and the nation.

5.1 The demography of oral diseases, future challenges and the implications for dental education.

This Section considered the immense challenges presented by the changing demography of populations (in particular, cross-boundary flow), changing oral and dental disease trends. It also considered the difficulties of gathering data on such information. It then considered how these challenges may affect the education of the dental team in the future.

Distribution of Gs-alpha activating mutations in human thyroid tumors measured by subcloning.

In the search for the prevalence and distribution pattern of Gs-alpha gene mutations in differentiated thyroid tumors we examined 66 tumor tissue samples for the presence of mutations at "hot-spot" codons 201 and 227 using methods based on the polymerase chain reaction, subcloning and sequencing. The prevailing type of single-base substitution at codon 201 (71.4%) corresponded to the replacement of the wild-type sequence CGT (Arg) with TGT (Cys).

Phosphorylation factors control neurotransmitter and neuromodulator actions at the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor.

Whole-cell and patch-voltage clamp experiments were carried out on cultured chick spinal cord neurons to investigate the dependence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor function on intracellular phosphorylation factors. Without ATP in the intracellular solution, repeated application of 30 microM GABA results in a progressive decline (run-down) of the currents evoked by GABA in standard whole-cell recordings but not when the nystatin-perforated patch method is used. Run-down is also observed in outside-out excised patch recordings, indicating that any enzymatic factors required for run-down must be closely associated with the plasma membrane.

[Differences in the mechanisms of damage to Kupffer cells and liver endothelial cells during preservation in UW solution].

Aim Of The Study: The predominant injury during cold preservation of the liver appears to affect the non-parenchymal cells. Therefore we studied the contribution of hypoxia and the effect of the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution on the injury to cultured liver endothelial and Kupffer cells.

Methods: Cultured endothelial cells and Kupffer cells of the rat liver were incubated in Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 37 degrees C and in both, Krebs-Henseleit buffer and UW solution, at 4 degrees C.

Prostanoid release by Kupffer cells upon hypoxia-reoxygenation: role of pHi and Cai2+.

Primary cultures of rat Kupffer cells liberated significant amounts of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGE2, and thromboxane (measured as thromboxane B2) when exposed to reoxygenation after 4 h of hypoxia. After a delayed onset, prostanoids were released at high rates for at least 8 h and after that time 700 pmol PGD2, 280 pmol PGE2, and 200 pmol thromboxane per 10(6) cells had been liberated. Unlike prostanoid release, leukotriene B4 production in reoxygenated cell cultures was only twice as much as in aerobic controls.

Negative modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid response by extracellular zinc.

We have studied the effects of divalent cations on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) response of voltage-clamped spinal cord neurons, using the whole-cell recording configuration. Zn, Cd, Ni, and Mn (but not Ba, Ca, or Mg) inhibit GABA-induced whole-cell currents when applied extracellularly. Although Zn is an effective inhibitor when applied extracellularly, it is ineffective when applied intracellularly.

The collagen-binding site of type-II units of bovine seminal fluid protein PDC-109 and fibronectin.

A single type-II domain has been isolated by limited proteolysis of the collagen-binding bovine seminal fluid protein, PDC-109. The 45-residue fragment corresponding to the second type-II domain of the parent molecule was found to have retained affinity for immobilized collagen, indicating that this minidomain carries critical regions of the collagen-binding site. Studies on various fragments of fibronectin have also implicated the two type-II units of this molecule in collagen-binding.

"Run-down" of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor function during whole-cell recording: a possible role for phosphorylation.

When using whole-cell recording methods and a minimal intracellular medium containing only inorganic ions, ethyleneglycolbis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, and N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid, we have observed a time-dependent decrease in the responsiveness of cultured chick spinal cord neurons to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The current evoked by 30 microM GABA progressively declined to approximately 30% of its initial value after five applications at 10-min intervals. This was accompanied by an equivalent decline in the GABA-evoked membrane conductance.

Analysis of the aromatic 1H NMR spectrum of chicken plasminogen kringle 4.

The intact kringle 4 domain of chicken plasminogen has been characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy at 300 and 620 MHz in both the presence and absence of epsilon-aminocaproic acid, an antifibrinolytic drug. The study focuses on the aromatic resonances. Comparisons with spectra from human, porcine and bovine kringle 4 homologs indicates a strict conservancy of conformation, reflecting the underlying primary sequence homology, and leads to an unambiguous assignment of all the aromatic resonances, including those of Phe15 and His40 which are unique to the chicken domain.

Analysis of the aliphatic 1H-NMR spectrum of plasminogen kringle 4. A comparative study of human, porcine, bovine and chicken homologs.

The aliphatic 1H-NMR spectrum of the kringle 4 domain of human plasminogen has been studied via two-dimensional chemical shift correlated (COSY) and nuclear Overhauser correlated (NOESY) experiments at 300 MHz and 620 MHz. A number of aliphatic proton spin systems have been identified and several definite assignments have been made. This was mainly achieved by comparison of the human kringle 4 spectrum with spectra of the porcine, bovine and chicken homologs and also with that of the kringle 1 from human plasminogen on which we have reported previously.