Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha level in hepatitis E virus-related acute viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure in pregnant women.

Aim: The host response in hepatitis E virus (HEV)-related liver disease of pregnant women is unclear. This study was carried out to evaluate the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in HEV-related acute viral hepatitis (AVH) and fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in pregnant women in relation to pregnancy outcome.

Methods: The study included 262 pregnant and 158 non-pregnant women with jaundice.

Calcium in midpregnancy.

Objective: To establish reference value for serum calcium concentration and urinary calcium excretion during mid pregnancy and to find out variation of calcium intake in pregnant women.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in antenatal clinic of department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. A total of 543 pregnant women with pregnancy period of second trimester were enrolled for the study.