Computational modelling approach for the optimization of apple juice clarification using immobilized pectinase and xylanase enzymes.

Apple juice is typically marketed as a clear juice, and hence enzymatic treatments are common practices in juice industry. However, enzymatic treatments have been shown to face some challenges when process efficiency, and cost effectiveness are concerned. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the enzymatic treatment process to maximize efficiency, and reuse enzymes to minimize the overall cost via immobilization.

Extraction of Protein from Four Different Seaweeds Using Three Different Physical Pre-Treatment Strategies.

Seaweeds are a rich source of protein and can contain up to 47% on the dry weight basis. It is challenging to extract proteins from the raw biomass of seaweed due to resilient cell-wall complexes. Four species of macroalgae were used in this study-two brown, and , and two red, and .

An evaluation of sonication pretreatment for enhancing saccharification of brewers' spent grain.

This paper deals with the investigation of ultrasound (US) pretreatment of brewer's spent grain (BSG) as a means of releasing fermentable sugars, and the subsequent production of ethanol from this lignocellulosic biomass. Using response surface methodology (RSM), the influence of US power, time, temperature and biomass loading on fermentable sugar yield from BSG was studied. The optimal conditions were found to be 20% US power, 60 min, 26.

Spent Coffee Waste as a Potential Media Component for Xylanase Production and Potential Application in Juice Enrichment.

In this study, spent coffee waste (SCW) was used as the sole carbon source for xylanase production in solid state fermentation mode using . A Box-Behnken design was constructed using three parameters viz. temperature, initial moisture content, and log number of spores to determine the optimal fermentation condition.

A Review on Bioconversion of Agro-Industrial Wastes to Industrially Important Enzymes.

Agro-industrial waste is highly nutritious in nature and facilitates microbial growth. Most agricultural wastes are lignocellulosic in nature; a large fraction of it is composed of carbohydrates. Agricultural residues can thus be used for the production of various value-added products, such as industrially important enzymes.

Lignocellulosic Biorefineries in Europe: Current State and Prospects.

Lignocellulosic biorefining processes plant-derived biomass into a range of bio-based products. Currently, more than 40 lignocellulosic biorefineries are operating across Europe. Here, we address the challenges and future opportunities of this nascent industry by elucidating key elements of the biorefining sector, including feedstock sourcing, processing methods, and the bioproducts market.

Emerging technologies for the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.

Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass to overcome its intrinsic recalcitrant nature prior to the production of valuable chemicals has been studied for nearly 200 years. Research has targeted eco-friendly, economical and time-effective solutions, together with a simplified large-scale operational approach. Commonly used pretreatment methods, such as chemical, physico-chemical and biological techniques are still insufficient to meet optimal industrial production requirements in a sustainable way.

Automated analysis of filamentous microbial morphology with AnaMorf.

The morphological quantification of filamentous microbes represents an important analytical technique in the optimization of bioprocesses involving such organisms, given the demonstrated links between morphology and metabolite yield. However, in many studies, much of this quantification has required some degree of manual intervention, if it has been conducted at all, burdening biotechnologists with a time-consuming process and potentially introducing bias into analyses. Here, software for the automated quantification of filamentous microbes is presented, implemented as a plug-in for the widely used, freely available image analysis package, ImageJ.

Morphological quantification of filamentous fungal development using membrane immobilization and automatic image analysis.

Mycelial morphology is a critically important process property in industrial fermentations of filamentous micro-organisms, as particular phenotypes are associated with maximum productivity. However, the accurate quantification of complex morphologies still represents a significant challenge in elucidating this relationship. A system has been developed for high-resolution characterisation of filamentous fungal growth on a solid substrate, using membrane immobilization and fully-automatic plug-ins developed for the public domain, Java-based, image-processing software, ImageJ.