Effects of dietary phosphate restriction and phosphate binders on FGF23 levels in CKD.

Background: Elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in patients with CKD. Reducing dietary phosphate intake or absorption may decrease FGF23 levels, but data on the combined effects of dietary phosphate restriction and phosphate binders in CKD are limited.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: In this 2×2 factorial, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, 3-month study, conducted between July 2009 and March 2012, 39 patients with CKD stages 3 or 4 and normal serum phosphate levels were randomly assigned to one of four groups: ad libitum diet plus lanthanum carbonate (LC) placebo (n=10), 900-mg phosphate diet plus LC placebo (n=10), ad libitum diet plus LC (n=11), or 900-mg phosphate diet plus LC (n=8).

Impact of poverty on serum phosphate concentrations in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objective: Increased serum phosphate is associated with adverse health outcomes. High intake of inexpensive processed and fast foods is common in impoverished communities, and is linked with excessive dietary phosphorus intake and elevated serum phosphate concentrations in chronic kidney disease patients. We examined the impact of socioeconomic status on dietary phosphorus intake and serum phosphate concentrations in the general population.

Nutrient intake and body habitus after spinal cord injury: an analysis by sex and level of injury.

Background/objectives: To examine nutrient intake and body mass index (BMI) in the spinal cord injury (SCI) population according to level of injury and sex.

Design: Cross-sectional study conducted at 2 SCI treatment centers.

Participants/methods: Seventy-three community-dwelling individuals with C5-T12 ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS) A or B SCI.

Nutritional status and behavior in subjects with type 1 diabetes, before and after islet transplantation.

Background: To investigate whether changes of nutritional status and behavior are associated with islet transplantation (ITx) and to assess their possible mechanisms.

Methods: In this observational study, 52 subjects with type 1 diabetes, 30 of whom received ITx, underwent nutritional assessments. The study consisted of questionnaires complemented by a dietary intake recording, anthropometric measurements, and body composition analysis.