A one-year open-label trial of risperidone augmentation in lithium nonresponder youth with preschool-onset bipolar disorder.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of risperidone augmentation of lithium in preschool-onset bipolar disorder (BD) among youth who insufficiently respond to lithium monotherapy.

Method: Thirty-eight subjects between the ages of 4 and 17 years (mean age = 11.37 +/- 3.