Poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) fillers stimulate collagen synthesis by activating various immune cells and fibroblasts. Piezo1, an ion channel, responds to mechanical stimuli, including changes in extracellular matrix stiffness, by mediating Ca influx. Given that elevated intracellular Ca levels trigger signaling pathways associated with fibroblast proliferation, Piezo1 is a pivotal regulator of collagen synthesis and tissue fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Anatomical landmarks can provide vital information on the distribution of nerves in the gastrocnemius muscle. We aimed to provide an anatomical perspective on appropriate locations for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections in the medial and lateral parts of the gastrocnemius for calf shaping.
Materials And Methods: A modified Sihler's method was applied to both the medial and lateral parts of the gastrocnemius muscles (16 specimens).
Background: Hyaluronic acid filler injection is commonly administered to correct temple hollowness, typically through deep temporal injection. Since the vascular distribution at the injection site can be diverse, studies on avoiding damage to the corresponding blood vessels are needed.
Aims: To assess the commonly used hyaluronic acid filler injection site in the temple region, 1cm lateral and 1 cm above from the end of eyebrow, using a Doppler ultrasound to detect any anatomic variations in the blood vessels.
Background: Deviated noses and asymmetric nostrils can be corrected using corrective rhinoplasty. However, after proper correction, adjacent facial mimetic muscles can cause recurrence of asymmetry because of preoperative habits.
Objectives: We performed this study to investigate the effects on botulinum toxin on the prevention of recurrence of asymmetry after corrective rhinoplasty.