Efficacy of p62-expressing plasmid in treatment of canine osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative disease of synovial joints which is highly prevalent in dogs and results in lameness, loss of joint function and mobility, chronic pain, and reduced quality of life. Traditional OA management consist of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and remains challenging because of significant side effects, thus there is an urgent need for new effective and safe therapeutics for OA.

Methods: Here we present the results of our one-arm open-label pilot clinical study of our novel biologics, a DNA plasmid encoding SQSTM/p62, in 17 companion dogs suffering from OA.

[Investigation of the threshold characteristics of visual information perception by operator controlling the illumination parameters in the 105-day experiment in isolation].

The investigations of threshold frequency characteristics (TFC) of the visual analyzer and labor productivity were carried out during 105-d isolation of volunteers in an airtight module illuminated by LED lamps adjustable to personal psychophysiological needs. Software and calculation procedure were devised to assist the chromatic TFC-based determination of photometric parameters. Data of analysis of actual mood and vision contrast sensitivity when looking at a three-color image suggested that visual performance could be improved by achieving light color adequacy to TFC of individual vision.

[Role of space-frequency characteristics of vision organ in the human psychophysiological state and performance].

Light conditions and color scheme of closed environments should be favorable to human performance. Space station lighting system should ensure visual comfort during work and be appropriate for crew health and well-being. To be successful in solving these problems, it is important to have objective data about luminosity and chromaticity distribution in closed environments.

[The first clinical experience with orthotopic transplantation of the liver].

The article deals with material concerning the performance of 4 operations for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The operations were carried out on 2 males and 2 females whose ages ranged from 20 to 52 years. The indications for OLT were as follows: ++hemangioendothelioma of the liver, hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis-carcinoma of the liver, and metastatic affection of the liver.

[Clinical use of artificial heart ventricles].

The article discusses the results of applying for the first time Soviet-made "Modul" and "Yasen" artificial ventricles of the heart (AVH) in a left ventricular bypass regimen in patients with refractory cardiac insufficiency. Improvement of AVH design and rational tactics of attendant drug therapy allowed the period of the safe application of the AVH in the organism to be increased to more than 8 days.

[Water content of the lungs during 7-day anti-orthostatic hypokinesia].

The time-course variation of the water content of the lungs of seven male volunteers were examined during 7-day head-down tilt (at -15 degrees). As compared to the horizontal subjects, the tilted subjects showed a significant increase in the water content from 557 +/- 19 ml to 612 +/- +/- 63 ml by the 7th hour of the tilt. Later on the parameter gradually declined and on tilt day 7 almost returned to the pretest level, i.

Early haemodynamic effects of mitral valve prosthesis in patients with acquired heart disease.

42 patients with isolated mitral valve defect were divided into two groups: without cardiac complications -- and with acute myogenic heart failure, after implantation of a mitral valve prosthesis. In the first postoperative hours, a decrease in cardiac output and pulmonary hypertension were observed in both groups. By the end of the 1st postoperative day, cardiac output reached in both groups the initial level, but in patients of group 2 only thanks to catecholamine administration.

[Central circulation in the healthy human being during 7 days of head-down tilt and decompression of different body areas].

The effect of 7-day head-down tilt (-15 degrees) and decompression of various body parts (lower body-LBNP, upper body in the area of the hydrostatically indifferent point-UBNP, and local negative pressure applied to both calves-LNP) on central circulation was investigated on eight healthy test subjects who, for 10 days, had catheters (Swan-Ganz) implanted into the pulmonary and radial arteries. It was shown that, when calculated by square centimeter of the decompression area, the effect of UBNP on central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was 3-4 times greater than that of LBNP or LNP. This indicates a high sensitivity of this body part to the exposure.

Central circulation of a normal man during 7-day head-down tilt and decompression of various body parts.

The effect of 7-d head-down tilt (-15 degrees) and decompression of various body parts (lower body--LBNP, upper body in the area of the hydrostatically indifferent point--UBNP, and local negative pressure applied to both calves--LNP) on central circulation was investigated on eight healthy test subjects who, for 10 d, had catheters (Swan-Ganz) implanted into the pulmonary and radial arteries. It was shown that, when calculated by square centimeter of the decompression area, the effect of UBNP on central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was 3-4 times greater than that of LBNP or LNP. This indicates a high sensitivity of this body part to the exposure.

[Closing volume of the respiratory airways and total lung capacity during 7-day antiorthostatic hypokinesis].

By mass spectrography and pneumotachography structural variations in total lung capacity (TLC) were investigated in 7 test subjects during 7-day head-down tilt at -15 degrees. By the 7th hour of head-down tilt TLC, vital lung capacity (VLC), functional residual capacity (FRC) and residual volume (RV) decreased significantly and closing volume (CV) increased insignificantly. The CV/FRC ratio grew from 0.

[Heart function in patients with mitral defect immediately after the insertion of a mitral valve prosthesis].

Changes in left and right ventricular function were examined in 42 patients before and early after the application of mitral valve prosthesis (MVP). Hemodynamic suppression observed early after MVP application was found to be due to reduced preload, and critical inhibition of contractility in 1/3 of the patients. Baseline left-ventricular contractility and pumping function parameters were decreased to a greater degree in patients constituting Group 2.

[Central blood circulation in the healthy human being during 7 days' head-down tilt hypokinesia].

The effect of 7-day head-down tilt (-15 degrees) and lower body negative pressure on circulation and oxidative metabolism was investigated on 13 healthy male test subjects. For 7-10 days they had Swan-Ganz catheters implanted in the pulmonary artery and a special cannula in the radial artery. The most marked changes were seen in the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and central venous pressure (CVP) that varied in a phase-like manner.

Effects of various countermeasures against the adverse effects of weightlessness on central circulation in the healthy man.

The effect of lower body negative pressure, local negative pressure below the knee joint, and both pneumatic and mechanical occlusion cuffs at the upper third of the femur on central circulation, oxidative metabolism, and acid-base equilibrium of blood was studied on eight healthy male volunteers with doublelumen Swan-Ganz flow-directed thermodilution catheters implanted for 7 d into the pulmonary artery. The counter-measures against the adverse effects of weightlessness were used in two regimens: regimen I at -30, -50, +40 torr and regimen II at -60, -100, and +60 torr. The parameters were recorded in recumbency, during the head up tilt at 70 degrees for 15 min, and then during the head-down tilt at -20 degrees for 60 min.

[Effect of negative pressure and occluding cuffs on the intravascular pressure in the lower extremity of the healthy human being].

The effect of local negative pressure on the leg (with a bladder sealed above the knee) and occlusion cuffs (located as close as possible to Poupart's ligament) on the leg intravascular pressure was investigated in recumbency. In two experimental runs 8 healthy volunteers participated. Each of the two exposures was used at two levels: local negative pressure at -50 and -100 mm Hg and occlusion cuffs at +40 and +60 mm Hg with the exposure time averaging 5-7 min.

[Effect of negative pressure on the lower half of the body (the Chibis suit) and of local negative pressure on central circulation in the healthy human].

Catheters were chronically implanted into pulmonary and radial arteries of 8 healthy volunteers to examine the effect of lower body negative pressure (LBNP in the Chibis suit) and local negative pressure on the leg on central circulation, oxidative metabolism and acid-base equilibrium in the blood. In 1-hour head-down tests (at -20 degrees) the effect of two regimens of LBNP (at -30 and -60 mm Hg) and local negative pressure (at -50 and -100 mm Hg) was studied, each exposure averaging 15-20 min. Both LBNP and local negative pressure induced changes in central circulation that were similar qualitatively and dissimilar quantitatively.