MicroRNAs in Cancer Treatment-Induced Cardiotoxicity.

Cancer treatment has made significant progress in the cure of different types of tumors. Nevertheless, its clinical use is limited by unwanted cardiotoxicity. Aside from the conventional chemotherapy approaches, even the most newly developed, i.

Managing of musculoskeletal infections in children.

Objective: Epidemiological features of musculoskeletal infections are in continuous evolution. The incidence of emerging causative pathogen is arising. Nevertheless, up to 50% of osteoarticular infections shows negative cultures.

Oblique pelvic osteotomy in the treatment of bladder exstrophy in neonates.

Bladder exstrophy is a congenital and rare malformation of the lower abdominal wall with exposure of the bladder mucosa to the external environment, and it is related to pelvis abnormalities. Eighteen patients with bladder exstrophy were treated with bilateral oblique pelvic osteotomy in conjunction with urologic reconstruction after they were stabilized by cast. No failure of midline closure was observed (wound dehiscence or recurrence of bladder exstrophy).

Effectiveness of school scoliosis screening and the importance of this method in measures to reduce morbidity in an Italian territory.

Although several procedures for treating scoliosis have been developed, the most effective treatment is still based on early detection. For early diagnosis of idiopathic scoliosis, many authors have proposed methods of school screening; however, there is still no standardized screening program. The aim of this study was to evaluate a school screening method and the prevalence and distribution of scoliosis in Italian school children, aged 9-14 years, and to determine if the screening method can reduce morbidity in an Italian territory.

Brace treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis is effective for a curve over 40 degrees, but is the evaluation of Cobb angle the only parameter for the indication of treatment?

Background: The recent literature showed positive results for bracing of patients with idiopathic scoliosis above 45° who refused surgery. However, no one has investigated whether other parameters can affect the results.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bracing in idiopathic scoliosis with curves above 40° and to verify the mechanical and biological parameters which go beyond the simple bend value expressed in Cobb degrees.

Curve progression after long-term brace treatment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: comparative results between over and under 30 Cobb degrees - SOSORT 2017 award winner.

Background: The factors influencing curve behavior following bracing are incompletely understood and there is no agreement if scoliotic curves stop progressing with skeletal maturity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the loss of the scoliotic curve correction in patients treated with bracing during adolescence and to compare patient outcomes of under and over 30 Cobb degrees, 10 years after brace removal.

Methods: We reviewed 93 (87 female) of 200 and nine patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) who were treated with the Lyon or PASB brace at a mean of 15 years (range 10-35).

Fixation in slipped capital femoral epiphysis avoiding femoral-acetabular impingement.

Background: The appropriate treatment in mild slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) should not only prevent further slipping of the epiphysis but also address potential femoroacetabular impingement by restoring the anatomy of the proximal femur. The aim of this study was to quantify length of the remodeling phase mediated by growth of the femoral neck, after treatment of SCFE with a screw designed to prevent premature closure of the physis and provide stability.

Methods: Between 2001 and 2011, 38 patients with unilateral mild SCFE were treated by fixation in situ using a modified screw which does not cause premature physeal arrest.

Conservative treatment in Scheuermann's kyphosis: comparison between lateral curve and variation of the vertebral geometry.

Background: Conservative treatment in the Scheuermann's kyphosis obtain, during skeletal growth, remodelling of the deformed vertebras. In a previous paper on Scheuermann's kyphosis, we have studied the geometry variations of all vertebrae included in the curve, before and after the treatment. The purpose of this study was to confirm the effectiveness of conservative treatment in Scheuermann's kyphosis and was to evaluate and compare the variation of the vertebral geometry with the curve trend in Cobb degrees, before and after conservative treatment.

Histological changes of semitendinosus autograft after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in an immature rabbit model.

Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common in the knee. Tendons can be used as alternative grafts for ACL repair, with tendon "ligamentization" often reported in literature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological and histological changes occurring in a semitendinosus tendon (ST) during ACL reconstruction in growing rabbits.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in adolescents (Tanner stages 2 and 3).

Purpose: Management of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in skeletally immature patients (in Tanner stages 2 and 3) is controversial. Conventional reconstruction used in adults can cause iatrogenic growth disturbance due to physeal damage, and studies that report long-term results using a specific technique are scarce. The aim of this study is to evaluate in a large series the mid- and long-term results of a partial transphyseal technique and define the safe percentage of lesions of the femoral growth plate.

Lyon bracing in adolescent females with thoracic idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective study based on SRS and SOSORT criteria.

Background: The Lyon brace is commonly prescribed in many European countries to patients with thoracic curves and is based on the three-point pressure system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Lyon bracing for the conservative treatment of adolescent females with idiopathic thoracic curves in a case series selected on the basis of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) Committee on Bracing and Nonoperative Management Standardization Criteria and followed the guidelines on management of idiopathic scoliosis with corrective braces, proposed by the International Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment (SOSORT).

Methods: Prospective study based on an ongoing database.

Radial neck fractures in children: results when open reduction is indicated.

Background: Radial neck fractures in children are rare, representing 5% of all elbow pediatric fractures. Most are minimally displaced or nondisplaced. Severely displaced or angulated radial neck fractures often have poor outcomes, even after open reduction, and case series reported in literature are limited.

Correlation between compliance and brace treatment in juvenile and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: SOSORT 2014 award winner.

Background: Over the last years, evidence has accumulated in support of bracing as an effective treatment option in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Yet, little information is available on the impact of compliance on the outcome of conservative treatment in scoliotic subjects. The aim of the present study was to prospectively evaluate the association between compliance to brace treatment and the progression of scoliotic curve in patients with idiopathic adolescent (AIS) or juvenile scoliosis (JIS).

Brace treatment in juvenile idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective study in accordance with the SRS criteria for bracing studies - SOSORT award 2013 winner.

Background: The Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis by age of onset, severity and evolutivity is source of great doubts concerning the purpose and use of conservative treatment. The different clinical experiences leave unsolved the question that arises in applying a conservative treatment when the patients are effectively forward a long growing period, in scoliosis characterized by inevitable evolutivity. The purpose of the present prospective study was to determine the effectiveness of conservative treatment in Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.

Validation of Italian version of Brace Questionnaire (BrQ).

Background: Brace questionnaire (BrQ) is a tool used to evaluate Health Quality of Life (HRQoL) in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) that undergo bracing treatment. The BrQ has not been translated and validated for Italian-speaking patients with AIS. The aim of the study was to perform a trans-cultural validation of BrQ to be used in an Italian speaking population.

The familiarity of idiopathic scoliosis: statistical analysis and clinical considerations.

Purpose: The etiology of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) has been the subject of extensive research, and the current opinion is in favor of a multifactorial pathogenesis with an important genetic component. The aim of this study is to investigate the pattern of inheritance over generations of IS and its possible risk factors.

Methods: A total of 70 patients affected by IS was selected and studied up to the third generation for an overall cohort of 2,055 subjects.

Brace technology thematic series: the progressive action short brace (PASB).

Background: The Progressive Action Short Brace (PASB) is a custom-made thoraco-lumbar-sacral orthosis (TLSO), devised in 1976 by Dr. Lorenzo Aulisa (Institute of Orthopedics at the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy). The PASB was designed to overcome the limits imposed by the trunk anatomy.

Treatment of lumbar curves in scoliotic adolescent females with progressive action short brace: a case series based on the Scoliosis Research Society Committee Criteria.

Study Design: A prospective interventional study.

Objective: To determine the outcomes of adolescents affected by idiopathic lumbar scoliosis treated with a progressive action short brace (PASB).

Summary Of Background Data: The efficacy of conservative treatment of scoliosis is still debated.

Galeazzi's modified technique for recurrent patella dislocation in skeletally immature patients.

Background: A large number of surgical techniques have been proposed for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation in adolescents, one of the most famous being Galeazzi's semitendinosus tenodesis as modified by Baker. The aim of this study was to verify the mid-term results of this technique, the effectiveness of restoring the patellofemoral congruency, by both static and dynamic computed tomography (CT), and to determine whether the preoperative type of patellofemoral relationship affects the results.

Methods: The study included 14 patients (16 knees), with a mean age of 11.

Patellar dislocation in skeletally immature patients: semitendinosous and gracilis augmentation for combined medial patellofemoral and medial patellotibial ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: Patellar instability is a frequent condition in children and adolescents. The problem can be associated with malalignment resulting from different anatomical abnormalities. Several surgical procedures have been suggested for recurrent patellar dislocation consequent to failed conservative treatment.

Pridie's marrow stimulation technique combined with collagen matrix for cartilage repair. a study in a still growing sheep model.

The study assessed the spontaneous repair of large critical full-thickness defects (FTD) in not mature and still growing sheep model and compared repaired tissue after Pridie's technique to the same technique combined with type I collagen matrix. Thirty-six FTD were divided into group 1 (untreated), group 2 (treated according to Pridie's technique with 10.2 as value ratio of marrow stimulation), and group 3 (treated using Pridie's marrow stimulation technique, and covered by a type I collagen matrix) .

Osgood Schlatter lesion: histologic features of slipped anterior tibial tubercle.

No study reports the histological features of the various zone of the anterior tubercle of the tibia in the different stages of the Osgood-Schlatter (O-S) lesion. For this reason we carried on an histological study. Specimens were taken from 13 patients with O-S lesion prior to surgery.

Correlation Between Hump Dimensions and Curve Severity in Idiopathic Scoliosis Before and After Conservative Treatment.

Study Design: Prospective study in 150 consecutive outpatients affected by adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Objectives: The purposes were to (1) identify a correlation between hump dimensions and the severity of scoliotic curve, and (2) evaluate how the treatment influenced the main parameters of scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: The existence of a relationship between clinical deformities and curve severity in AIS is still debated.

Determination of quality of life in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis subjected to conservative treatment.

Introduction And Objectives: Physical deformities caused by adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) coupled with conservative treatment of AIS with orthesis unavoidably impacts on patients' quality of life (QoL). The present study aimed at evaluating the QoL in patients affected by AIS treated with brace. The study also sought to determine the ability of different QoL questionnaires to monitor QoL over the course of treatment.

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: an ultrastructural study before and after osteosynthesis.

Background And Purpose: Several different theories have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we carried out an ultrastructural study of core biopsy specimens of the physis at various stages of the disease.

Methods: Core biopsies were performed in 6 patients with different forms of SCFE during the first operation, and in 3 of them when removing the osteosynthesis material before physeal closure.