FZD5 controls intestinal crypt homeostasis and colonic Wnt surrogate agonist response.

The rapidly regenerating intestinal epithelium requires crypt intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Wnt/β-catenin signaling maintains crypt homeostasis and Lgr5+ ISCs, and WNT ligands bind Frizzled receptors (FZD1-10). Identifying specific FZD(s) essential for intestinal homeostasis has been elusive; however, bioengineered antagonists blocking Wnt binding to FZD5 and FZD8 deplete the gut epithelium in vivo, highlighting potential roles.

The Health Equity Scholars Program: Fostering Culturally Competent and Successful Independent Investigators in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Research.

Introduction: The Health Equity Scholars Program (HESP) addresses the critical need for a diverse, culturally competent workforce to study and treat older adults from underrepresented populations (URPs) with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD). The HESP offers tailored mentored training in AD/ADRD research concepts, aiming to develop successful independent researchers. It recruits Scholars from underrepresented backgrounds as well as those passionate about AD/ADRD health equity research.

Assessing Process Conditions on Xylose Fermentation in Spathaspora passalidarum: Effects of pH, Substrate-to-Inoculum Ratio, Temperature, and Initial Ethanol Concentration.

Bioethanol represents a clean and renewable alternative to fossil fuels, offering a significant reduction in environmental impact. Second-generation ethanol (2G) is produced using lignocellulosic biomass, which presents additional challenges due to the presence of hemicellulose. The pentose sugars within hemicellulose cannot be efficiently metabolized by conventional yeast strains like Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-4 (ADNI-4) Engagement Core: A culturally informed, community-engaged research (CI-CER) model to advance brain health equity.

Introduction: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-4 (ADNI-4) Engagement Core was launched to advance Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD) health equity research in underrepresented populations (URPs). We describe our evidence-based, scalable culturally informed, community-engaged research (CI-CER) model and demonstrate its preliminary success in increasing URP enrollment.

Methods: URPs include ethnoculturally minoritized, lower education (≤ 12 years), and rural populations.

Centering the role of community health workers in social risk screening, referral, and follow-up within the primary care setting.

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) remain an underutilized resource in social risk diagnostics in the primary care setting. This process evaluation study seeks to assess the role of CHWs in social risk screening, referral, and follow-up through process mapping to identify barriers to the process for future quality improvement efforts.

Methods: Researchers at the Arizona Prevention Research Center (AzPRC) engaged with two Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) in two of Arizona's major urban areas to evaluate their internal processes for social risk screening and intervention.

Use of a decision support tool and quick start onboarding tool in individuals with type 1 diabetes using advanced automated insulin delivery: a single-arm multi-phase intervention study.

Background: Multiple clinician adjustable parameters impact upon glycemia in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using Medtronic Mini Med 780G (MM780G) AHCL. These include glucose targets, carbohydrate ratios (CR), and active insulin time (AIT). Algorithm-based decision support advising upon potential settings adjustments may enhance clinical decision-making.

Relationships of hematocrit concentration with dementia from a multiethnic population-based study.

Objective: Red blood cell (RBC) concentration impacts cerebrovascular disease, yet it is unclear whether RBC concentrations relate to dementia risk, particularly in racially/ethnically diverse cohorts. We investigated whether RBC concentrations associate with incident dementia risk in a diverse population of stroke-free individuals and explored whether cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) mediates this relationship.

Methods: A longitudinal observational analysis was performed using a population-based cohort of stroke-free, older adult participants (>50 years) from the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) enrolled between 2003-2008.

[Immunogenicity and adverse events of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in health workers].

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects and immune response associated with IgG anti S1 SAEA-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers at Señor del Milagro Hospital in Salta city, after receiving two doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out from March 2021 to April 2022. Demographic, clinical data, adverse events supposedly attributed to vaccination (AEFIs) were collected and two samples were taken to measure serum antibody levels.

"I just can't go back": Challenging Places for Older Americans since the COVID-19 Pandemic Onset.

During the pandemic, many older adults felt 'out of place' in their home, work, and community spaces with potentially long-term consequences for health and wellbeing. Using national data from the COVID-19 Coping Study, thematic analysis of online long-answer responses (n = 1171; mean age 68 years; 71% female; 93% non-Hispanic White; 86% with at least a 4-year college degree; data collected April-June 2022) identified four themes regarding particular places are challenging since the pandemic onset: (1) viral exposure fears, (2) frustrating regulations, (3) uncomfortable and hostile social dynamics, and (4) 'out of place' negative emotions. Participants also shared they continuously address or adapt to place-based challenges through lifestyle adjustments and coping strategies.

Impact of the preservation media on ex vivo bone samples for full field mechanical testing.

The preservation method to store bone tissue for posterior analysis is a widespread practice. However, the method's potential influence on the material's mechanical properties is often overlooked during single-point experimentation. Saline and formaldehyde solutions are the most common among the employed preservation media.

"When we were allowed to go back … the freedom, the vista, the delight … It was just magic": Disruption and adaptation among people ageing-in-place in Ireland during COVID-19.

COVID-19 person-place disruptions may dislocate enabling resources and affect the short- and long-term wellbeing of individuals ageing-in-place. However, outcomes may vary according to individuals' personal experiences and capabilities to put in place adaptive strategies. Underpinned by the Conservation of Resources (COR) Theory, this study aimed to identify shifts in older people's relationships to place during the pandemic and to gain a deeper understanding of their adaptive strategies.

Association of brain arterial diameters with demographic and anatomical factors in a multi-national pooled analysis of cohort studies.

Background And Purpose: Brain arterial diameters are markers of cerebrovascular disease. Demographic and anatomical factors may influence arterial diameters. We hypothesize that age, sex, height, total cranial volume (TCV), and persistent fetal posterior cerebral artery (fPCA) correlate with brain arterial diameters across populations.

Neighborhood Built Environments and Health in Later Life: A Literature Review.

This literature review aims to assess the current state of the field linking neighborhood environments to later-life health and wellbeing. We used electronic databases (e.g.

Low-Cost Sensors Technologies for Monitoring Sustainability and Safety Issues in Mining Activities: Advances, Gaps, and Future Directions in the Digitalization for Smart Mining.

Nowadays, monitoring aspects related to sustainability and safety in mining activities worldwide are a priority, to mitigate socio-environmental impacts, promote efficient use of water, reduce carbon footprint, use renewable energies, reduce mine waste, and minimize the risks of accidents and fatalities. In this context, the implementation of sensor technologies is an attractive alternative for the mining industry in the current digitalization context. To have a digital mine, sensors are essential and form the basis of Industry 4.

[Risk factors associated with adherence to medical oncology treatment in pediatrics].

Unlabelled: In Chile, between 450 and 500 cases of cancer are diagnosed annually in children and adolescents. Treatment is financed by the state, but there are non-financial elements that could condition adherence to treatment.

Objective: to explore family, socioeconomic, housing, and support network risk factors that could affect adherence to medical treatment in children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer.

A scoping review protocol of age-friendly practices during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Actions focused on age-friendly environments contribute to promote and maintain older people's functional ability and may enable them to contribute to their communities and enjoy life. As such, age-friendly practices require collaboration between diverse stakeholders across multiple sectors responsible for natural, built, and social environments, which can be particularly relevant during public health emergencies when socio-ecological vulnerabilities become more salient and may disproportionally affect older people. This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review aiming to investigate the breadth of evidence concerning the development, implementation, and evaluation of age-friendly practices during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Factors associated with having COVID-19 among unvaccinated pregnant and non-pregnant women in Metro Manila, Philippines: a multicentre longitudinal cohort study.

Objective: To determine the potential risk factors associated with having COVID-19 among unvaccinated pregnant and non-pregnant women.

Design: A multicentre prospective cohort study among eligible women in Metro Manila, Philippines, from 2020 to 2022.

Setting: Five national and local hospital research sites altogether recruited and screened 500 consenting eligible individuals.

Socio-ecological determinants of older people's mental health and well-being during COVID-19: A qualitative analysis within the Irish context.

Background: Evidence indicates that older people with biological and social vulnerabilities are at high risk of short- and long-term consequences related to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, studies have also highlighted that the crisis may present opportunities for personal growth if older individuals are met with appropriate resources and support.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of older people regarding how individual, social, and environmental factors have supported or hindered their well-being and health during COVID-19.

Polluted wetlands contain multidrug-resistance plasmids encoding CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases.

While most detailed analyses of antibiotic resistance plasmids focus on those found in clinical isolates, less is known about the vast environmental reservoir of mobile genetic elements and the resistance and virulence factors they encode. We selectively isolated three strains of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli from a wastewater-impacted coastal wetland. The cefotaxime-resistant phenotype was transmissible to a lab strain of E.

Home and nearby nature: Uncovering relational flows between domestic and natural spaces in three countries during COVID-19.

This paper addresses the role of living spaces, neighborhood environments, and access to nearby nature in shaping individual experiences of health and well-being during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Key data is drawn from the GreenCOVID study across Spain, England and Ireland. The survey gathered contextual information about home environments, neighborhood spaces, and access to nature elements, and standardized measures of health and wellbeing between April and July 2020 ( = 3,127).

Recovery and Resilience in the Canal Community: Economic Impacts and Solutions During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Public health pandemics, such as COVID-19, not only impact the physical health and wellbeing of communities but also often have far-reaching effects on their social, psychological, environmental, and economic welfare. The coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the significant inequities experienced among those who are Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC), especially in the areas of housing instability, unemployment, and debt accrual. This study investigates the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 on residents of the Canal neighborhood ("The Canal"), a low-income Latinx community in Marin County, California.