Ko au tēnei: This is me - Exploring the lived experience of underrepresented groups with pharmacy services to inform the development of pharmacy case-based learning.

Introduction: Demographic and social characteristics of underrepresented groups are often poorly described in pharmacy case-based learning, leading to poor representation of these groups in the pharmacy curriculum. This research project aimed to understand the lived experience of underrepresented groups with pharmacy services and to use this to inform the development of pharmacy case-based student learning materials.

Methods: This was a single centre, grounded theory, qualitative study.

The Polychromatic Woodburytype-Colour Tracking in Translucent, Patterned Gelatin/Pigment Films.

The Woodburytype is a 19th century photomechanical technique capable of producing high-quality continuous-tone prints. It uses pigment dispersed in gelatin to produce a 2.5D print, in which the effect of varying tone is produced by a variation in the print height.

Prediction of maxillary canine impaction based on panoramic radiographs.

Objectives: The objective of this article is to establish a large sample-based prediction model for maxillary canine impaction based on linear and angular measurements on panoramic radiographs and to validate this model.

Materials And Methods: All patients with at least two panoramic radiographs taken between the ages of 7 and 14 years with an interval of minimum 1 year and maximum 3 years (T1 and T2) were selected from the Department of Oral Health Sciences, University Hospital Leuven database. Linear and angular measurements were performed at T1.

Predictors of Cognitive Functions in Children With Sturge-Weber Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Sturge-Weber syndrome is often accompanied by seizures and neurocognitive deterioration, although previous studies have suggested that early functional brain reorganization may diminish the cognitive sequelae in some children with unilateral Sturge-Weber syndrome. The "rules" governing these plasticity mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated longitudinal changes of cognitive functioning (intelligence quotient [IQ]) and assessed the performance of clinical, electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables for predicting IQ in children with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Evidence of Need to Use Self-Report Measures of Psychosocial Functioning in Older Children and Adolescents with Voiding Dysfunction.

Purpose: Previous reports have revealed significantly higher rates of psychosocial difficulties in children and adolescents with voiding dysfunction compared to their healthy peers. However, these findings are based solely on parental reporting and do not include self-reporting of psychosocial problems in older pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: We collected data from 200 consecutive patients 11 to 16 years old during outpatient clinic visits.

The cost and inpatient burden of treating mandible fractures: a nationwide inpatient sample database analysis.

Objective: To discuss patient demographics, hospitalization characteristics, and costs associated with the treatment of mandible fractures.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: The 2009 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.

Traumatic optic neuropathy and second optic nerve injuries.

Importance: Current controversy about the primary treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) has anchored on final vision following injury, but, to our knowledge, no study has examined the effect of different treatments on regaining and protecting optic nerve reserve or on the outcome of second optic nerve injuries.

Objective: To assess vision improvement in patients treated by various methods who have a second incidence of TON.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective medical record review of 12 patients with a second TON seen in an 18-year period (mean follow-up, 11.

Patterns of structural reorganization of the corticospinal tract in children with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Background: Reorganization of the corticospinal tract after early damage can limit motor deficit. In this study, we explored patterns of structural corticospinal tract reorganization in children with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

Methods: Five children (age 1.

Contemporary management of traumatic fractures of the frontal sinus.

This article discusses the classic and contemporary management strategies for treating frontal sinus fractures. The goals of management of frontal sinus fractures are to create a safe sinus by minimizing the likelihood of early and late complications while preserving the function of the sinus and maintaining the cosmetic appearance of the upper face. The assessment and classification of patients with frontal sinus injuries, their management, and the treatment of complications are reviewed.

Repairing angle of the mandible fractures with a strut plate.

Importance: Despite multiple fixation techniques, the optimal method of repairing mandibular angle fractures remains controversial.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes when using a 3-dimensional, curved strut plate in repair of angle of the mandible fractures.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Bladder and bowel dysfunction: evidence for multidisciplinary care.

Purpose: We examined the symptoms of bladder-bowel dysfunction (ie severity of voiding dysfunction and stool consistency) and psychosocial difficulties in children presenting to the pediatric urology clinic for voiding dysfunction and to the pediatric gastroenterology clinic for functional constipation.

Materials And Methods: Parents of children seen at the gastroenterology clinic were recruited during the outpatient clinic appointment, and parents of children seen at the urology clinic were randomly selected from the research database and matched to the gastroenterology sample based on age and gender of the child. All parents completed the Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System, Bristol Stool Form Scale, Pediatric Symptom Checklist and Parenting Stress Index™-Short Form, which assessed severity of voiding dysfunction, stool consistency, level of psychosocial difficulties and level of parenting stress, respectively.

Quantitative Assessment of Brain Networks in Children With Sturge-Weber Syndrome Using Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

In this study, we examined whether topologic network analysis, using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can detect abnormalities of functional brain connectivity in children with unilateral brain injury due to Sturge-Weber syndrome. Three children with Sturge-Weber syndrome (ages 1, 3, and 10 years) underwent structural and resting state functional MRI, glucose metabolism positron emission tomography (PET), and neurocognitive evaluation. Eight different resting state networks were compared between the affected and unaffected hemispheres by quantitatively accessing communication efficiency measures.

Brain damage and IQ in unilateral Sturge-Weber syndrome: support for a "fresh start" hypothesis.

We tested the hypothesis that extent of severe hypometabolism measured by fluorodeoxyglucose PET has a U-shaped (nonlinear) relationship to IQ in children with unilateral Sturge-Weber syndrome. Thirty-five consecutive children (age range: 30-153 months) with Sturge-Weber syndrome and unilateral brain involvement were enrolled in the study. Participants underwent cognitive assessment and interictal fluorodeoxyglucose PET scans.

Development of a three-dimensional computer-generated lung segment overlay chart.

Knowledge of segmental anatomy improves accuracy and precision in interpretation of perfusion lung studies. We report here a computer-oriented method that allows creation of an 'anatomic wire line diagram overlay of pulmonary segments' (AWLDOPS) for use as reference diagrams to more accurately localize segmental lung scan perfusion defects using MedImage Medview software. Superimposition of AWLDOPS and manipulation of the perfusion images is achieved so as to co-register images in size, obliquity and rotation.

Problems of service assessment ab intra: research and evaluation relating to a new early intervention community psychiatric nursing service.

This paper summarizes a 12-month evaluation of an emergency assessment and community care psychiatric nursing service to demonstrate the possibility and desirability of health service providers evaluating their own service provision. The radical question central to such an assessment is: 'What would have been the case if the service assessed had not existed?' This question is more difficult to answer than might at first appear. However, recent changes in UK legislation concerning health care in general, and community care of the mentally ill in particular, make the assessment of new services of great importance.

The prevalence of abnormal involuntary movements among chronic schizophrenics.

In an international survey of chronic schizophrenia, data were collected on the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS) to ascertain the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia. Abnormal movements were found to present in 28% of the sample of 739 patients. Using the more stringent Research Criteria for Tardive Dyskinesia (RD-TD) the prevalence rate was found to be 13.

Conditioning and learning in relation to disease.

Of the two generally recognized processes through which learning occurs--imprinting and conditioning--only the latter with its two paradigms, classical and operant, has both practical and heuristic implications for disease. From the classical conditioning experiments of Pavlov's laboratory over 100 years ago to the later work in operant conditioning by Skinner and others in the past four decades has evolved much of the basis of modern learning theory and its applications to disease in the form of behavior therapy. Variants of behavior therapy have been employed in the treatment of wide variety of medical and psychiatric illnesses.

Neuroleptic-induced skin pigmentation in chronic hospitalized schizophrenic patients.

In the framework of a multi-national collaborative study carried out in eight countries, 768 chronic hospitalized schizophrenic patients were surveyed. Skin pigmentation was found to be present in 13 patients (1.7%), that is, within the same range (1-2.

Pharmacotherapy of chronic hospitalized schizophrenics: prescription practices.

Prescription practices were examined as part of a multinational study of chronic hospitalized schizophrenic patients. The study included a total of 768 patients from 8 countries. All patients had a diagnosis (ICD-9) of schizophrenia and met defined criteria for chronic hospitalization.