Case report: Cholecystoduodenostomy for cholestatic liver disease in a premature infant with cystic fibrosis and short gut syndrome.

Background: Cholecystoduodenostomy is a surgical procedure that bypasses the extrahepatic biliary tree and connects the gallbladder directly to the duodenum. This case describes the successful use of this procedure in a novel situation.

Case Presentation: A premature (34 weeks gestation) female infant with cystic fibrosis required a laparotomy on day 1 of life due to an intrauterine small bowel perforation.

Prevention of hyponatremia during maintenance intravenous fluid administration: a prospective randomized study of fluid type versus fluid rate.

Objectives: To determine the importance of sodium content versus administration rate of intravenous fluids in the development of hyponatremia in postoperative children.

Study Design: In this prospective, randomized, nonblinded study, 124 children admitted for surgery received 0.9% (NS) or 0.