Optimal implementation of an Ontario nirsevimab program for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis: Recommendations from a provincial RSV expert panel.

In June 2024, a group of 12 experts in the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) field representing a cross-section of healthcare provider types who treat and care for pregnant individuals and infants, assembled to discuss the implementation of a broad infant prophylaxis program with nirsevimab in Ontario. To gain insight on potential best practices founded on the experiences of other jurisdictions, the meeting comprised a review of the 2023/2024 RSV season programs in Spain, France, and the United States that implemented nirsevimab prophylaxis. The impact of nirsevimab in reducing severe RSV disease among infants during the first RSV season was assessed including the implications on hospital resources and healthcare system costs.

Everyone should have their own midwife: Women's and staff experiences during the implementation of two midwifery continuity of care models in regional Australia.

Problem: Midwifery Continuity of Care (MCoC) remains inaccessible for most Australian women; this is especially true in rural and regional areas.

Background: Strong evidence demonstrates MCoC models improve experiences for women and their babies and are also shown to improve midwifery workforce wellbeing. However, implementation and upscale remains limited.

Corrigendum: Wastewater-based surveillance identifies start to the pediatric respiratory syncytial virus season in two cities in Ontario, Canada.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.

Investigating the dietary niches of fossil Plio-Pleistocene European macaques: The case of Macaca majori Azzaroli, 1946 from Sardinia.

The genus Macaca includes medium- to large-bodied monkeys and represents one of the most diverse primate genera, also having a very large geographic range. Nowadays, wild macaque populations are found in Asia and Africa, inhabiting a wide array of habitats. Fossil macaques were also present in Europe from the Late Miocene until the Late Pleistocene.

Wastewater-based surveillance identifies start to the pediatric respiratory syncytial virus season in two cities in Ontario, Canada.

Introduction: Detection of community respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections informs the timing of immunoprophylaxis programs and hospital preparedness for surging pediatric volumes. In many jurisdictions, this relies upon RSV clinical test positivity and hospitalization (RSVH) trends, which are lagging indicators. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) may be a novel strategy to accurately identify the start of the RSV season and guide immunoprophylaxis administration and hospital preparedness.

Morphology of the Bony Labyrinth Supports the Affinities of with the Papionina.

Unlabelled: Discoveries in recent decades indicate that the large papionin monkeys and are key members of the Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene mammalian faunas of Eurasia. However, their taxonomical status, phylogenetic relationships, and ecological profile remain unclear. Here we investigate the two latter aspects through the study of the inner ear anatomy, as revealed by applying micro-CT scan imaging techniques on the cranium LGPUT DFN3-150 of from the lower Pleistocene (2.

Comparison of the Canadian vs. the international risk scoring tool for respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in moderate-to-late preterm infants.

Aim: The study objective was to compare the Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada risk scoring tool (CRST) that determines need for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis in infants 33-35 weeks gestational age during the RSV season, with the newly developed international risk scoring tool (IRST).

Methods: Children 33-35 weeks gestational age born during the 2018-2021 RSV seasons were prospectively identified following birth and scored with the validated CRST and IRST, that comprises seven and three variables respectively, into low- moderate- and high-risk groups that predict RSV-related hospitalization. Correlations between total scores on the two tools, and cut-off scores for the low-, moderate- and high-risk categories were conducted using the Spearman rank correlation.

Postcranial evidence of late Miocene hominin bipedalism in Chad.

Bipedal locomotion is one of the key adaptations that define the hominin clade. Evidence of bipedalism is known from postcranial remains of late Miocene hominins as early as 6 million years ago (Ma) in eastern Africa. Bipedality of Sahelanthropus tchadensis was hitherto inferred about 7 Ma in central Africa (Chad) based on cranial evidence.

Targeted Memory Reactivation During REM Sleep in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder.

Background: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by a significant amount of fear when confronted to social situations. Exposure therapy, which is based on fear extinction, does not often lead to full remission. Here, based on evidence showing that rapid eye movement (REM) sleep promotes the consolidation of extinction memory, we used targeted memory reactivation (TMR) during REM sleep to enhance extinction learning in SAD.

Feeding ecology of the last European colobine monkey, Dolichopithecus ruscinensis.

Currently, very little is known about the ecology of extinct Eurasian cercopithecids. Dietary information is crucial in understanding the ecological adaptations and diversity of extinct cercopithecids and the evolution of this family. For example, the colobine genus Dolichopithecus is represented by multiple large-bodied species that inhabited Eurasia during the Pliocene-Early Pleistocene.

Dental macrowear reveals ecological diversity of Gorilla spp.

Size and shape variation of molar crowns in primates plays an important role in understanding how species adapted to their environment. Gorillas are commonly considered to be folivorous primates because they possess sharp cusped molars which are adapted to process fibrous leafy foods. However, the proportion of fruit in their diet can vary significantly depending on their habitats.

From leaves to seeds? The dietary shift in late Miocene colobine monkeys of southeastern Europe.

Extant colobine monkeys are specialized leaf eaters. But during the late Miocene, western Eurasia was home to colobines that were less efficient at chewing leaves than they were at breaking seed shells. To understand the link between folivory and granivory in this lineage, the dietary niche of Mesopithecus delsoni and Mesopithecus pentelicus was investigated in southeastern Europe, where a major environmental change occurred during the late Miocene.

The landscape of tooth shape: Over 20 years of dental topography in primates.

Diet plays an incontrovertible role in primate evolution, affecting anatomy, growth and development, behavior, and social structure. It should come as no surprise that a myriad of methods for reconstructing diet have developed, mostly utilizing the element that is not only most common in the fossil record but also most pertinent to diet: teeth. Twenty years ago, the union of traditional, anatomical analyses with emerging scanning and imaging technologies led to the development of a new method for quantifying tooth shape and reconstructing the diets of extinct primates.

Effects of Handshake Duration on Other Nonverbal Behavior.

Although detailed descriptions of proper handshakes partly comprise many etiquette books, how a normal handshake can be described, its proper duration, and the consequences of violating handshake expectations remain empirically unexplored. This study measured the effect of temporal violations of the expected length of a handshake (less than three seconds according to previous studies) administered unobtrusively in a naturalistic experiment. We compared volunteer participants' ( = 34; 25 females; 9 males;  = 23.

A comparison of relief estimates used in three-dimensional dental topography.

Objectives: Topographic estimates of dental relief are now commonly used to make dietary inferences from the teeth of extant and extinct primates. We thoroughly compared commonly used relief estimates in an effort to help researchers decide which variable best suits their objectives.

Materials And Methods: We combined a total of three datasets: five theoretical models built to compare the effect of tooth complexity and basin depth on relief estimates, a dataset of 110 lower molars of prosimians, and a dataset of 25 upper molars of apes.

A window into the early evolutionary history of Cercopithecidae: Late Miocene evidence from Chad, Central Africa.

Central Africa is known as a major center of diversification for extant Old World Monkeys (OWM) and yet has a poorly documented fossil record of monkeys. Here we report a new colobine monkey (Cercopithecoides bruneti sp. nov.

Limbs and trunk soft tissue sarcoma systematic local and remote monitoring by MRI and thoraco-abdomino-pelvic scanner: A single-centre retrospective study.

Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignant tumors that require management by an expert center. Monitoring modalities are not consensual. The objective of our study is to report systematic radiological monitoring data obtained by local MRI and by thoracic-abdominal-pelvic computed tomography (TAP CT).

A 2Ma old baboon-like monkey from Northern Greece and new evidence to support the Paradolichopithecus - Procynocephalus synonymy (Primates: Cercopithecidae).

A new fossil cranium of a large papionin monkey from the Lower Pleistocene site of Dafnero-3 in Western Macedonia, Greece, is described by means of outer and inner morphological and metric traits using high-resolution micro-computed tomography. Comparisons with modern cercopithecids and contemporaneous Eurasian fossil taxa suggest that the new cranium could equally be ascribed to either the Eurasian Paradolichopithecus or to the East Asian Procynocephalus. The combination of the available direct and indirect fossil evidence, including the new cranium from Dafnero, revives an earlier hypothesis that considers these two sparsely documented genera as synonyms.

Was Mesopithecus a seed eating colobine? Assessment of cracking, grinding and shearing ability using dental topography.

Extant colobine monkeys have been historically described as specialized folivores. However, reports on both their behavior and dental metrics tend to ascribe a more varied diet to them. In particular, several species, such as Pygathrix nemaeus and Rhinopithecus roxellana, are dedicated seasonal seed eaters.

Mineralization-defects are comparable in fluorotic impacted human teeth and fluorotic mouse incisors.

Objective: Fluoride excess of 0.05-0.07mgF/kgbw/day in water or food additives like salt is the principal cause of endemic dental fluorosis.

Beyond the Map: Enamel Distribution Characterized from 3D Dental Topography.

Enamel thickness is highly susceptible to natural selection because thick enamel may prevent tooth failure. Consequently, it has been suggested that primates consuming stress-limited food on a regular basis would have thick-enameled molars in comparison to primates consuming soft food. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of enamel over a single tooth crown is not homogeneous, and thick enamel is expected to be more unevenly distributed in durophagous primates.

Renal auto-transplantation promotes cortical microvascular network remodeling in a preclinical porcine model.

The vascular network is a major target of ischemia-reperfusion, but has been poorly investigated in renal transplantation. The aim of this study was to characterize the remodeling of the renal vascular network that follows ischemia-reperfusion along with the most highly affected cortex section in a preclinical renal transplantation model. There were two experimental groups.

Investigating the dental toolkit of primates based on food mechanical properties: Feeding action does matter.

Although conveying an indisputable morphological and behavioral signal, traditional dietary categories such as frugivorous or folivorous tend to group a wide range of food mechanical properties together. Because food/tooth interactions are mostly mechanical, it seems relevant to investigate the dental morphology of primates based on mechanical categories. However, existing mechanical categories classify food by its properties but cannot be used as factors to classify primate dietary habits.