Onyx versus coil embolization for the treatment of type II endoleaks.

Objective: Little evidence is available supporting the optimal treatment of type II endoleaks associated with aortic sac growth. Previous studies have lacked comparisons between treatment methods and long-term follow-up. The purpose of the present study was to review our center's experience with the treatment of type II endoleaks comparing Onyx (a liquid embolization agent consisting of ethylene vinyl alcohol; Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minn) embolization and coil embolization.

The efficacy of a topical formulation of selamectin plus sarolaner in preventing the development of a macrocyclic lactone-resistant strain of Dirofilaria immitis in cats.

Revolution®/Stronghold® Plus, a topical endectocide incorporating 6 mg/kg selamectin plus 1 mg/kg sarolaner, is approved for use in cats to prevent heartworm disease. The efficacy of selamectin has not previously been evaluated against any macrocyclic lactone (ML)-resistant heartworm strains in cats for prevention of heartworm disease. In this study, an experimental combination formulation of selamectin (6 mg/kg) plus sarolaner (2 mg/kg) was assessed for preventing the development of a ML-resistant strain of Dirofilaria immitis in cats.

Long-term outcomes comparing endovascular and open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in octogenarians.

Objective: Patients older than 80 years have significantly lower early mortality with endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) compared with open repair for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), but long-term results remain poorly studied. We analyzed the results of both emergent and elective AAA repair in patients aged 80 years or older who had at least 5 years of follow-up.

Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected vascular surgery database was performed to identify all patients who underwent elective repair of an AAA between 2007 and 2012 and were 80 years of age or older at the time of surgery.

Plasma-Etched Pattern Transfer of Sub-10 nm Structures Using a Metal-Organic Resist and Helium Ion Beam Lithography.

Field-emission devices are promising candidates to replace silicon fin field-effect transistors as next-generation nanoelectronic components. For these devices to be adopted, nanoscale field emitters with nanoscale gaps between them need to be fabricated, requiring the transfer of, for example, sub-10 nm patterns with a sub-20 nm pitch to substrates like silicon and tungsten. New resist materials must therefore be developed that exhibit the properties of sub-10 nm resolution and high dry etch resistance.

Editor's Choice - Infrainguinal Bypass Following Failed Endovascular Intervention Compared With Primary Bypass: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Patients with infrainguinal peripheral arterial disease often undergo multiple revascularisation procedures. Although many centres have adopted an endovascular first approach, some are reluctant to do so for fear of compromising the outcomes of any subsequent bypasses. All studies that compared the outcomes of primary infrainguinal bypass with bypass after failed endovascular intervention were analysed.

Preoperative point-of-care ultrasound and its impact on arteriovenous fistula maturation outcomes.

Objective: Duplex ultrasound as a preoperative assessment tool in the clinic may help identify anatomic factors predictive of fistula maturation. Preoperative point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) offers surgeons an alternative to routine formal vein mapping as it can be performed by the operator during the initial clinic visit. We sought to determine the impact of POCUS as an adjunct to physical examination on arteriovenous fistula maturation.

Patient satisfaction with the consent discussion is not improved by showing patients their computed tomography or angiography images before they undergo vascular surgery.

Objective: Patient-based decision aids and other multimedia tools have been developed to help enrich the preoperative discussion between surgeon and patient. Use of these tools, however, can be time-consuming and logistically challenging. We investigated whether simply showing patients their images from preoperative computed tomography (CT) or angiography would improve patients' satisfaction with the preoperative discussion.

Higher surgeon annual volume, but not years of experience, is associated with reduced rates of postoperative complications and reoperations after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Objective: Volume-outcome relationships for open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair have received less attention in publicly funded health systems. Furthermore, the roles of surgeon seniority (years of experience) and composite volume (encompassing all major arterial cases) on outcomes after open AAA repair are less well known. We sought to determine the effects of surgeon volume, surgeon years of experience, and composite volume on outcomes after elective open AAA repairs performed in Ontario, Canada.

Randomized clinical trial of negative pressure wound therapy for high-risk groin wounds in lower extremity revascularization.

Objective: The surgical site infection (SSI) rate in vascular surgery after groin incision for lower extremity revascularization can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. This trial was designed to study the effect of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on SSI in closed groin wounds after lower extremity revascularization in patients at high risk for SSI.

Methods: A single-center, randomized, controlled trial was performed at an academic tertiary medical center.

Use of Supramolecular Assemblies as Lithographic Resists.

A new resist material for electron beam lithography has been created that is based on a supramolecular assembly. Initial studies revealed that with this supramolecular approach, high-resolution structures can be written that show unprecedented selectivity when exposed to etching conditions involving plasmas.

Explaining endograft shortening during endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in severe aortoiliac tortuosity.

Objective: During endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), severely tortuous aortoiliac anatomy can alter the deployment and conformability of the endograft. The accuracy of treatment length measurements is commonly recognized to be affected by severe tortuosity. However, the exact mechanism of the postintervention length discrepancy is poorly understood.

Negative pressure wound therapy for high-risk wounds in lower extremity revascularization: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Rates of surgical site infections (SSIs) following groin incision for femoral artery exposure are much higher than expected of a clean operation. The morbidity and mortality is high, particularly with the use of prosthetic grafts. The vascular surgery population is at an increased risk of SSIs related to peripheral vascular disease (PVD), diabetes, obesity, previous surgery and presence of tissue loss.

Fibrinogen Level and Bleeding Risk During Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis Using Tissue Plasminogen Activator.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether low fibrinogen levels (fibrinogen level <1.5 g/L) during catheter-directed thrombolysis are associated with an increased bleeding risk.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients undergoing extremity arterial or venous thrombolysis between 2005 and 2013.

Similar failure and patency rates when comparing one- and two-stage basilic vein transposition.

Objective: Basilic vein transposition is recommended in patients who are not candidates for a radial or brachial artery to cephalic vein fistula for dialysis access. Both one-stage and two-stage procedures have their advantages and disadvantages. Which procedure results in improved outcomes remains unclear.

Anatomic and procedural determinants of fluoroscopy time during elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.

Objective: To identify both the procedural and anatomic factors which determine duration of fluoroscopy during elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed our prospectively maintained EVAR database for the relationship between fluoroscopy time and both procedural (type of graft, configuration, number of components, surgeon) and anatomic factors reflective of aneurysm complexity (15 variables).

Results: A total of 128 patients underwent elective EVAR with a mean fluoroscopy time of 5.

Durability and survival are similar after elective endovascular and open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in younger patients.

Objective: The role of endovascular repair (EVAR) of aortic aneurysms in young patients is controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes and reintervention rates in patients 60 years of age or younger who underwent elective open or endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected vascular surgery database at a university-affiliated medical center was performed to identify all patients who underwent elective repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm between 2000 and 2013 and were 60 years of age or younger at the time of the repair.

Endograft conformability and aortoiliac tortuosity in endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Purpose: To determine conformability of stent-grafts in endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) using centerline of flow measurements and to compare conformability in patients with severe aortoiliac tortuosity.

Methods: From 2012 to 2013, 111 consecutive patients (98 men; mean age 75.4±7.

Canadian vascular surgery residents' perceptions regarding future job opportunities.

The objective was to determine the employment environment for graduates of Canadian vascular surgery training programs. A cross-sectional survey of residents and graduates (2011-2012) was used. Thirty-seven residents were invited with a response rate of 57%, and 14 graduates with a response rate of 71%; 70% of graduates felt the job market played an important role in their decision to pursue vascular surgery as a career compared to 43% of trainees.

Identification of patient-derived outcomes after aortic aneurysm repair.

Objective: Relatively few outcomes have been examined in randomized comparisons of endovascular and open aortic aneurysm repair, and no patient input was obtained in the selection of these outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify patient-derived, potentially novel outcomes that may be used to guide future clinical trials in aneurysm surgery.

Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with patients who had undergone endovascular or open aortic aneurysm repair.

Socioeconomic and geographic disparities in access to endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Background: Within Southwestern Ontario, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery has been centralized to a single university-affiliated medical center. The referral area serves 1.9 million people and includes community hospitals with limited vascular surgery capabilities.

Determination of patient preference for location of elective abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery.

Objective: Aneurysm repair is centralized in higher volume centers resulting in reduced mortality, with longer travel distances. The purpose of this study is to explore patients' preference between local care versus longer distances and lower mortality rates.

Methods: Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) measuring 4 to 5 cm and living at least a 1-hour drive from our hospital were asked to assume it had grown to 5.

Technical factors are strongest predictors of postoperative renal dysfunction after open transperitoneal juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Objective: Juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have predominantly been repaired using an open technique. We present a series of patients with juxtarenal AAAs and analyze multiple factors predictive of postoperative renal dysfunction.

Methods: Between March 2000 and September 2011, all patients in our prospectively maintained database undergoing juxtarenal AAA repair were evaluated for demographics, operative details, and in-hospital outcomes.

Outcomes after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair are equivalent between genders despite anatomic differences in women.

Objective: Prior work confirms gender-specific anatomic differences in patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair, but the clinical implications remain ill defined. The purpose of this study was to compare gender-specific early outcomes after endovascular aneurysm repair using a large international registry.

Methods: Over the 2-year period ending in 2011, 1,262 patients (131 women, 10.

Patterns of visceral and renal artery involvement in type B aortic dissections.

Objective: The main objective of this study was to describe the visceral and renal vessel involvement and the outcomes in thoracic dissections.

Methods: Computed tomography scans of 39 patients were reviewed (30 type B, 9 type A). Visceral and renal arteries were recorded as perfused by the true lumen (TL) or false lumen (FL).

Natural history of minimal aortic injury following blunt thoracic aortic trauma.

Background: Endovascular repair of blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injuries (BTAI) is common at most trauma centres, with excellent results. However, little is known regarding which injuries do not require intervention. We reviewed the natural history of untreated patients with minimal aortic injury (MAI) at our centre.