DETECTION OF CF. , AND IN CERVIDS OF THE SCOTTISH HIGHLANDS, UNITED KINGDOM.

Outbreaks of suspected tick-borne disease (redwater fever) have been reported in captive deer of the Scottish Highlands. In this pilot study, polymerase chain reaction and amplicon sequencing were used to detect tick-borne pathogens in opportunistically collected blood and spleen samples from 63 (healthy, n = 44; diseased, n = 19) cervids, and 45 questing and feeding ticks () from the outbreak sites in 2021-2022. Potentially pathogenic species were detected in deer but not identified in ticks, was detected in both deer and ticks, and was detected in ticks but not in deer.

HEMATOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY REFERENCE VALUES IN NESTLING RED KITES () IN SHORT-TERM HUMAN CARE IN ENGLAND.

Between the years 2022 and 2023, 62 red kite () nestlings were translocated from England to Spain to bolster declining populations in mainland Europe as part of a wider conservation initiative. Health examinations were undertaken by veterinarians ahead of translocation, including examination of hematology and biochemistry parameters from blood samples. This study aimed to establish reference values for these parameters in nestling red kites for use in future translocations or for other clinical purposes.

Review of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae as venereal pathogens in horses.

Three bacteria extensively acknowledged as venereal pathogens with the potential to induce endometritis include Taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis (CEM), specific strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and certain capsule types of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The United Kingdom's Horserace Betting Levy Board recommends pre-breeding screening for these bacteria in their International Codes of Practice and >20 000 samples are tested per annum in the United Kingdom alone. While the pathogenesis and regulatory importance of CEM are well established, an evaluation of the literature pertaining to venereal transmission of P.

Machine learning classification of functional neurological disorder using structural brain MRI features.

Background: Brain imaging studies investigating grey matter in functional neurological disorder (FND) have used univariate approaches to report group-level differences compared with healthy controls (HCs). However, these findings have limited translatability because they do not differentiate patients from controls at the individual-level.

Methods: 183 participants were prospectively recruited across three groups: 61 patients with mixed FND (FND-mixed), 61 age-matched and sex-matched HCs and 61 age, sex, depression and anxiety-matched psychiatric controls (PCs).

A case report of mis-snaken identity: When misdiagnosis really bites.

When patients present with an unknown puncture wound, emergency physicians need to consider regional hazards, in addition to standard mechanical injury etiologies. In the Southwestern United States, one such hazard is the rattlesnake. In this report, we present a case in which a rattlesnake envenomation was not considered as a possible cause for a puncture wound of unknown origin, which resulted in an envenomation left untreated for 7 days.

SHIELD: Skull-shaped hemispheric implants enabling large-scale electrophysiology datasets in the mouse brain.

To understand the neural basis of behavior, it is essential to measure spiking dynamics across many interacting brain regions. Although new technologies, such as Neuropixels probes, facilitate multi-regional recordings, significant surgical and procedural hurdles remain for these experiments to achieve their full potential. Here, we describe skull-shaped hemispheric implants enabling large-scale electrophysiology datasets (SHIELD).

Histopathological characterization and grading of chronic enterocolitis in Sulawesi crested macaques (Macaca nigra).

Sulawesi crested macaques (Macaca nigra) (SCMs) are critically endangered and frequently suffer from chronic intestinal disease in captivity. Often, despite routine diagnostic investigations and confirmation of intestinal inflammation, an aetiology cannot be identified, leading to a non-specific categorization as chronic enterocolitis rather than an aetiological diagnosis. This study evaluates the histological features of gastrointestinal tissues from 23 SCMs, comparing animals with a clinical history suggestive of chronic enterocolitis (n = 14) with those without gastrointestinal clinical signs (n = 9).

MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY REVIEW IN THE UNITED KINGDOM POPULATION OF EUROPEAN WILDCATS () BETWEEN 2000 AND 2021.

The Scottish population of the European wildcat (), the only remaining native felid species in the United Kingdom, is critically endangered and was declared functionally extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in 2019. This retrospective study investigated the causes of morbidity and mortality reported in the United Kingdom captive wildcat population from 01 January 2000 to 31 December 2021. The aim was to assess the health and welfare of wildcats and, by making recommendations for management based on study findings, contribute to the sustainability of the population under managed care.

Factors associated with behavioral euthanasia in pet dogs.

When pet dogs demonstrate certain serious problem behaviors, this may lead owners to choose behavioral euthanasia. However, research on behavioral euthanasia of pet dogs is sparse and previously published papers have not specifically sampled owners who made the decision to euthanize for behavior. The Behavioral Euthanasia in Pet Dogs Questionnaire was created to collect a wide range of information from dog owners who made behavioral euthanasia decisions.

Public and industry knowledge and perceptions of US swine industry castration practices.

In the United States (US), surgical castration of male piglets is typically performed without any form of analgesia. This may raise concerns with the public; however, there is no information regarding current public knowledge on swine industry practices in the US. In this study we gained insight into public knowledge and perception on castration with and without analgesia in comparison to knowledge of industry stakeholders on these same topics.

FIVE YEARS OF SNAIL PRE-EXPORT HEALTH SCREENING.

Between 2015 and 2019, a health screening was carried out annually on captive-bred snails prior to export for reintroduction as part of an international effort to repopulate areas of French Polynesia, where the snails were extinct or critically endangered. In total, 129 separate tank populations of 12 different species were screened at ZSL London Zoo. Wet mounts and smears stained with modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) of 535 fecal samples were examined, and 45% contained flagellated protozoa, and 35.

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF RETROSPECTIVE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY STUDIES ON CAPTIVE WILDLIFE SPECIES.

Zoological institutions manage animals for conservation, education, entertainment, and research purposes. Zoological staff have a responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals in their care. Retrospective morbidity and/or mortality studies (MMSs) can be useful tools to highlight common diseases in captive wildlife populations.

Microwave quantum diode.

The fragile nature of quantum circuits is a major bottleneck to scalable quantum applications. Operating at cryogenic temperatures, quantum circuits are highly vulnerable to amplifier backaction and external noise. Non-reciprocal microwave devices such as circulators and isolators are used for this purpose.

On a roll: a direct comparison of extraction methods for the recovery of eDNA from roller swabbing of surfaces.

Objective: Roller swabbing of surfaces is an effective way to obtain environmental DNA, but the current DNA extraction method for these samples is equipment heavy, time consuming, and increases potential contamination through multiple handling. Here, we used rollers to swab a dog kennel and compared three DNA extraction approaches (water filtration, roller trimming and direct buffer) using two different platforms (Qiacube, Kingfisher). DNA extraction methods were evaluated based on cost, effort, DNA concentration and PCR result.

RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY OF CAPTIVE AFRICAN WILD DOGS () HELD WITHIN UNITED KINGDOM ZOOLOGICAL INSTITUTIONS BETWEEN 2000 AND 2020.

The African wild dog () is listed as Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and is part of captive breeding programs designed to support free-living populations and genetic diversity. This study's aim was to identify common causes of morbidity and mortality objectively in United Kingdom captive African wild dogs to inform management recommendations that will improve health and welfare and reduce disease prevalence. Data were gathered from 140 individual dogs housed in 10 institutions, with morbidity records for 122 individuals and 70 postmortem reports.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Series Part 4: Identifying, Managing, and Preventing Exacerbations.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a leading cause of death in the United States, with exacerbations significantly contributing to overall morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. The purpose of this review is to discuss the recognition, treatment, and prevention of COPD exacerbations, with an emphasis on the role that pharmacists can have of ensuring appropriate treatment of acute exacerbations and preventing future exacerbations.

Speech and language therapy: A treatment case series of 20 patients with functional speech disorder.

Background: While expert consensus recommendations support the use of speech and language therapy (SLT) for patients with functional speech disorder (FND-speech), there are limited published data on clinical outcomes.

Objective: To retrospectively report the treatment outcomes and clinical characteristics of patients with FND-speech that attended outpatient SLT as part of a multidisciplinary program for functional neurological disorder (FND).

Methods: In this case series, we included adult patients with FND-speech that consecutively participated in outpatient SLT at our institution between October 2014 and September 2021.

Corrigendum: Toward a possible trauma subtype of functional neurological disorder: impact on symptom severity and physical health.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.

A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY OF CAPTIVE NORTHERN BALD IBIS (), AFRICAN SACRED IBIS (), AND SCARLET IBIS () HOUSED AT THE LONDON ZOO FROM 2000 TO 2020.

Necropsy (n = 144) and medical (n = 121) records of captive northern bald ibis (NBI; ), African sacred ibis (ASI; ), and scarlet ibis (SCI; ) housed at the Zoological Society of London's London Zoo (LZ) from 2000 to 2020 were reviewed. Pododermatitis was a common cause of morbidity in all species (79 cases in 247 examinations). Trauma (58 of 144), the majority being caused by suspected collisions with stationary objects in the zoo's habitats, infectious diseases (32 of 144), predominantly valvular endocarditis (10 of 32), and aspergillosis (9 of 32) were major causes of mortality.

The seroprevalence of African horse sickness virus, and risk factors to exposure, in domestic dogs in Tshwane, South Africa.

Dogs are the only non-equid species to develop the fatal form of African horse sickness (AHS). Research conducted in 2013 questioned the long-held belief that naturally occurring cases of AHS in dogs were contracted exclusively through the ingestion of contaminated horse meat. Culicoides midges, the vector of AHS virus (AHSV) for horses, have an aversion to dog blood meals and dogs were believed to be dead-end or incidental hosts.

RECTAL PROLAPSE IN THE SULAWESI CRESTED BLACK MACAQUE (): MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, AND RISK FACTORS.

Empirical data suggest that rectal prolapse (RP) is common in captive Sulawesi crested black macaques () in Europe, resulting in the euthanasia of animals that experience repeat occurrences. However, the prevalence, etiology, and risk factors of RP remain unidentified. The aims of this retrospective study were to assess the morbidity and mortality of RP, to provide an overview of management practices, and to identify risk factors for RP in this species.

Toward a possible trauma subtype of functional neurological disorder: Impact on symptom severity and physical health.

Background: As a group, individuals with functional neurological disorder (FND) report an approximately 3-fold increase in adverse life experiences (ALEs) compared to healthy controls. In patients with FND, studies have identified a positive correlation between symptom severity and the magnitude of ALEs. While not all individuals with FND report ALEs, such findings raise the possibility of a trauma-subtype of FND.

Pharmacist-Assisted Varenicline Tobacco Cessation Treatment for Veterans.

Background: Pharmacists are uniquely positioned to provide tobacco cessation interventions given their medication expertise and accessibility to the public. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of management of varenicline by clinical pharmacy specialists (CPSs) compared with other clinicians.

Methods: This retrospective chart review included patients with a varenicline prescription between July 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020.

Predictors of foaling outcomes in barren and maiden Thoroughbred mares in South Africa.

Population demographics and reproductive performance of Thoroughbred populations have been described, but the most recent assessment of the South African Thoroughbred population was reported two decades ago. Objectives of this study were to report demographic data for selected Thoroughbred breeding populations and to analyse selected mare-level variables in association with foaling outcomes, as predictors of reproductive performance. The National Horseracing Authority of Southern Africa's stud health scheme requires annual screening of Thoroughbred stallions, maiden and barren mares for venereal pathogens prior to breeding.