Association between Femoral Artery Flow-Mediated Dilation and Muscle Oxygen Saturation Parameters in Healthy, Young Individuals.

Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and muscle oxygen saturation (StO) are measurements utilized to assess macro- and microvascular function, respectively. Macro- and microvascular dysfunction may occur differently depending on the clinical condition. Since microvascular responsiveness can influence upstream conduit artery hemodynamics, the present study aimed to investigate whether a correlation between FMD and muscle StO parameters exists.

The Role of By-Products of Fruit and Vegetable Processing for the Dietary Treatment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Narrative Review.

Polyphenols-rich food has been utilized to induce a positive effect on human health. Considering that fruit and vegetable by-products (seeds, pomace, and peels) are sources of polyphenols, previous studies have investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with food by-products on cardiometabolic disorders, such as high fasting blood glucose, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Endothelial dysfunction has also been considered a cardiometabolic parameter, given that it precedes cardiovascular disease.

Effect of microencapsulated watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) rind on flow-mediated dilation and tissue oxygen saturation of young adults.

Background/objectives: Watermelon rind (usually discarded by consumers) presents a high L-citrulline content. Given that Lcitrulline is involved in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, a crucial molecule that regulates vascular function, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of microencapsulated watermelon rind (MWR) on endothelial function and tissue oxygen saturation (StO) assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Plasma L-arginine and L-citrulline were also evaluated.

Improved microvascular reactivity after aged garlic extract intake is not mediated by hydrogen sulfide in older adults at risk for cardiovascular disease: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of AGE on microvascular reactivity, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in older individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Urinary thiosulfate was also investigated as an indirect marker of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) synthesis. The study was conducted in a randomized, double-blind, crossover, and placebo-controlled way.

Impact of microencapsulated watermelon () and beetroot () on storage stability of l-citrulline and dietary nitrate.

The aim the current study was to developed a watermelon rind powder (WRP), watermelon pulp powder (WPP), and beetroot powder (BP), in order to compare the stability of L-citrulline and nitrate with that of watermelon rind juice (WRJ), watermelon pulp juice (WPJ), and beetroot juice (BJ), respectively. The stability was evaluated during 32 days at 25, 4 and - 20 ºC. L-arginine and L-ornithine content were also evaluated.

Suitability of the muscle O resaturation parameters most used for assessing reactive hyperemia: a near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Background: There is a spectrum of possibilities for analyzing muscle O resaturation parameters for measurement of reactive hyperemia in microvasculature. However, there is no consensus with respect to the responsiveness of these O resaturation parameters for assessing reactive hyperemia.

Objectives: This study investigates the responsiveness of the most utilized muscle O resaturation parameters to assess reactive hyperemia in the microvasculature of a clinical group known to exhibit impairments of tissue O saturation (StO).

Covid-19 Quarantine: Impact of Lifestyle Behaviors Changes on Endothelial Function and Possible Protective Effect of Beetroot Juice.

The current recommendation for reducing person-to-person Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) transmission is social distancing, including remote work and school, and home confinement. However, confinement may cause negative feelings, such as frustration, anger, boredom, and stress, in quarantined people. Furthermore, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity behaviors are commonly linked to home confinement, leading to weight gain, metabolic disorders, smoking, and exacerbated alcohol consumption.

Flow-Mediated Dilation in Healthy Young Individuals Is Impaired after a Single Resistance Exercise Session.

The current pool of data investigating the effects of a single resistance exercise session on endothelial function is divergent and inconclusive. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a single resistance exercise session on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in trained individuals. Eleven healthy, young, recreationally resistance-trained individuals participated in the study.

Dietary nitrate improves skeletal muscle microvascular oxygenation in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: a randomised, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study.

HIV-1 proteins and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have been associated with microvascular endothelial dysfunction. Although nitrate-rich beetroot juice (NR-BJ) consumption has been shown to improve endothelial function in clinical population, its effects in HIV-infected patients has not been addressed. We investigated the effect of a single dose of NR-BJ on muscle oxygen saturation parameters in response to a handgrip exercise in HIV-infected patients.

Near-infrared spectroscopy-derived muscle oxygen saturation during exercise recovery and flow-mediated dilation are impaired in HIV-infected patients.

Highly active antiretroviral therapy has been associated with the presence of endothelial dysfunction in HIV-infected patients, which may impair oxygen delivery to muscles during exercise and exercise recovery. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used to assess muscle oxygen saturation (SmO) kinetics during exercise in different clinical populations in order to evaluate the balance between oxygen delivery and utilization by muscles. However, studies assessing SmO in HIV-infected patients have not been conducted.

A single oral dose of beetroot-based gel does not improve muscle oxygenation parameters, but speeds up handgrip isometric strength recovery in recreational combat sports athletes.

Although the effect of beetroot supplementation on exercise performance has been widely demonstrated to improve the performance of cyclists, runners, and swimmers, its effect on combat sports remains inconclusive. The present study assessed the effect of beetroot-based gel (BG) supplementation on maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), exercise time until fatigue (ETF), muscle O saturation (SmO), and blood volume (tHb) in response to handgrip isotonic exercise (HIE) in recreational combat sport athletes. In a randomized, crossover, double-blind study, 14 combat sports athletes performed three sets of HIE (at 40% MVC) until fatigue after BG or nitrate-depleted gel (PLA) supplementation, in which forearm SmO and tHb were continuously monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Effects of fish protein hydrolysate ingestion on postexercise aminoacidemia compared with whey protein hydrolysate in young individuals.

The aminoacidemia resulting from food protein digestion in response to exercise plays an underlying role in the rate of muscle protein synthesis. Whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) has been demonstrated to cause more pronounced postexercise aminoacidemia compared with casein and soy. Although fish protein has been demonstrated to be a great source of amino acids, there is no data available providing information about the postexercise aminoacidemia after fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) intake.

Is flow-mediated dilatation associated with near-infrared spectroscopy-derived magnitude of muscle O desaturation in healthy young and individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease?

Vascular occlusion test (VOT)-induced reactive hyperemia in brachial artery is crucial to flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Emerging studies have suggested that reactive hyperemia depends on the magnitude of the O desaturation (ischemia) in downstream microvessels. Although near-infrared spectroscopy-derived tissue O saturation index (TSI) has been used to assess the magnitude of ischemia, the association between FMD and the magnitude of O desaturation has not been addressed.

The effects of the analysis strategy on the correlation between the NIRS reperfusion measures and the FMD response.

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived measures of microvascular responses using a range of different analysis and flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether assessing NIRS and FMD simultaneously or non-simultaneously would affect this association. Thirty-five healthy young individuals (26 ± 13 years old) participated in the study.

The effects of aging and cardiovascular risk factors on microvascular function assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy.

This study aimed to evaluate whether NIRS-derived reperfusion rate would detect potential differences in the forearm microvascular responsiveness between young healthy adults, and older adults free from or with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Fifteen healthy young (age: 24.8 ± 4.

Rare variation of the right internal jugular vein: a case study.

This study reports on a rare variation of the right internal jugular vein (IJV) identified during routine anatomic dissection of a male cadaver. The right IJV had a tributary located parallel and medially to the IJV itself. This branch of the IJV emerged between the transverse processes of the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae and drained into the junction between the right internal jugular and brachiocephalic veins.

A single dose of beetroot juice improves endothelial function but not tissue oxygenation in pregnant women: a randomised clinical trial.

Beetroot juice (BJ) consumption has been associated with improved cardiovascular health owing to an increase in NO bioconversion. This study evaluates the effect of BJ consumption on macrovascular endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation (FMD)) and muscle oxygen saturation (StO2) parameters in pregnant women within a randomised, crossover, double-blind design in which twelve pregnant women consumed a single dose (140 ml) of BJ or placebo (PLA). Urinary nitrate was assessed before (T0) and 150 min after BJ/PLA consumption.

Beetroot-based gel supplementation improves handgrip strength and forearm muscle O saturation but not exercise tolerance and blood volume in jiu-jitsu athletes.

The ergogenic effect of beetroot on the exercise performance of trained cyclists, runners, kayakers, and swimmers has been demonstrated. However, whether or not beetroot supplementation presents a beneficial effect on the exercise performance of jiu-jitsu athletes remains inconclusive. Therefore, the present study assessed the effect of beetroot-based gel (BG) supplementation on maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), exercise time until fatigue (ETF), muscle O saturation (SmO), blood volume (tHb), and plasma nitrate and lactate in response to handgrip isotonic exercise (HIE) in jiu-jitsu athletes.

Acute effect of dietary nitrate on forearm muscle oxygenation, blood volume and strength in older adults: A randomized clinical trial.

Both recovery time of post-exercise muscle oxygenation and muscle strength decline with aging. Although beetroot consumption has been shown to improve muscle oxygenation and exercise performance in adults, these effects in the elderly has not been addressed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a beetroot-based gel (BG) on muscle O2 saturation, blood volume (tHb) and handgrip strength in the elderly in response to handgrip exercise.

High-monosaccharide intake inhibits anorexigenic hypothalamic insulin response in male rats.

Objective: The aim of this research is to evaluate if intake of 20% fructose solution is able to change the anorexigenic hypothalamic insulin action.

Methods: Thirty day-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: standard chow and water for the rats (Control group, C) and standard chow and 20% fructose solution for the rats (Fructose group, F).These treatments lasted 8 weeks.

Development of a beetroot-based nutritional gel containing high content of bioaccessible dietary nitrate and antioxidants.

Beetroot, a food rich in nitrate and antioxidants has gained attention because of its potential effect on improving cardiovascular health and exercise performance. This work had the purpose of developing a beetroot-based nutritional gel (BG) and estimating the in vitro bioaccessibility of the nitrate, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenolic (TP) and potassium content, as compared to beetroot juice (BJ). Nitrate was assessed by a high-performance liquid chromatography system, TAC was assessed using the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay and TP was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method before and after an in vitro digestion.

Caffeine and Creatine Content of Dietary Supplements Consumed by Brazilian Soccer Players.

Caffeine and creatine are ingredients in the most popular dietary supplements consumed by soccer players. However, some products may not contain the disclosed amounts of the ingredients listed on the label, compromising the safe usage and the effectiveness of these supplements. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the content of caffeine and creatine in dietary supplements consumed by Brazilian soccer players.