Safety and efficacy of topical testosterone in breast cancer patients receiving ovarian suppression and aromatase inhibitor therapy.

Background: Premenopausal, high-risk, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients are often treated with ovarian suppression in combination with aromatase inhibitors (AI). This combination has important adverse effects, particularly in sexual function, such as vaginal dryness and loss of libido. There is no effective therapy for reduced sexual function in this setting.

Prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer under different treatment types: a retrospective study.

Objective: Currently programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors in combination with other therapies are being evaluated to determine their efficacy in cancer treatment. However, the effect of PD-ligand (L) 1 expression on disease outcomes in stage III (EC III) non-small cell lung cancer is not completely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the influence of PD-L1 expression on the outcomes of EC III non-small cell lung cancer.

Complete response to capmatinib in a patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma harboring CD47-MET fusion: a case report.

Comprehensive genomic profiling is highly recommended for treatment decision in nonsquamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, rare genomic alterations are still being unveiled, with scarce data to guide therapy. Herein, we describe the treatment journey of a 56-year-old, never-smoker Caucasian woman with a metastatic NSCLC harboring a CD47-MET fusion, initially classified as a variant of unknown significance.

The Current Treatment Landscape of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Future Directions.

The incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma is expected to increase globally. New treatment options for this malignancy are eagerly awaited to improve the survival and quality of life of patients. The present article highlights the results of recent advances in this field, analyzing data from several relevant trials.

The journey of stage III and IV non-small cell lung cancer patients in the Brazilian private healthcare system: a retrospective study.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still diagnosed at late stages in Brazil. The availability of newer treatment options has changed patient management, however, few real-world data have been published since then. This is a population-based retrospective cohort study that aims to evaluate the characteristics of stage III/IV NSCLC patients and their journey in the Brazilian private healthcare system.

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in HER2-Low Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is a predictive and prognostic biomarker for breast cancer (BC) HER2-positive and triple negative, but its presence in HER2-low tumors is unknown. We aimed to determine TIL levels in HER2-low tumors and its correlation with other clinicopathologic features.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all the pathology reports of breast surgeries of a tertiary hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil, from January 2021 to March 2022.

Clinical Course, Genetic, and Immunohistochemical Characterization of Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the Pancreas (Frantz Tumors) in a Brazilian Cohort.

Frantz tumors or solid pseudopapillary pancreatic neoplasm (SPN) are rare exocrine neoplasms that carry a favorable prognosis; they represent up to 3% of all tumors located in the region of the pancreas and have specific age and gender predispositions. In recent years, the rising curve of diagnosis is entitled to the evolution and access of diagnostic imaging. In this paper, we have retrospectively reviewed and described the clinical course of 40 patients with SPN from three institutions in Brazil, who had their diagnosis between 2005 and 2020, and analyzed the clinicopathological, genetic, and surgical aspects of these individuals.

Oral ulcers and sarcoid-like reaction in lymph nodes after cemiplimab therapy for locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a case report.

Cemiplimab is a novel programmed death-1 inhibitor recently approved for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Immune-related adverse events derived from cemiplimab are similar to other anti-PD-1 drugs, including gastrointestinal and cutaneous toxicities. Oral immune-related adverse events were not reported with cemiplimab in previous studies; thus this case report warns of the fact that the oral cavity may be a site of immune-related adverse events during programmed death-1 block therapy and that this can lead to significant limitations when not properly treated.

EGFR-RAD51 fusion in lung adenocarcinoma with systemic and intracranial response to osimertinib: A case report and review of the literature.

Comprehensive next-generation sequencing panels are leading to detection of rare gene fusion events. EFGR-RAD51 fusion is a rare oncogenic finding and clinical data for management of this condition is scarce. We report a widely metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in a never-smoker young male patient with sustained near-complete systemic and intracranial response to osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI).

Pseudoprogression with Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Cutaneous Melanoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have drastically changed the landscape of metastatic melanoma management, thus significantly improving survival. Clinically, assessing treatment response may be challenging in a portion of cases due to a massive influx of immune cells into the tumor microenvironment, causing a transient increase in the target lesion size. This phenomenon, coined pseudoprogression, can occur in 5-10% of metastatic patients, and it is commonly followed by a tumor regression.

Corrigendum: Salivary Gland Carcinoma: Novel Targets to Overcome Treatment Resistance in Advanced Disease.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.

The tumor immune contexture of salivary duct carcinoma.

Background: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy. Recently, biomarker studies found promising targetable alterations. In this study, we provide a descriptive analysis of tumor and immune biomarkers and survival associations.

Salivary Gland Carcinoma: Novel Targets to Overcome Treatment Resistance in Advanced Disease.

Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) account for <5% of head and neck malignant neoplasms, further subcategorized in over 20 histological subtypes. For the most part, treatment for advanced disease is guided by morphology. SGCs in general respond poorly to a wide array of standard chemotherapy, with short durability, and significant toxicity.

Establishing recurrence indicators and stratifying pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on routine laboratory exams. Is it time to incorporate these parameters in daily clinical practice?

Purpose: Systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis and progression of pancreatic cancer, due to its influence on tumor angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. The association of CA 19-9, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can identify patients with different prognoses.

Methods: We reviewed 148 pancreatic cancer patients' charts diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2018 in a tertiary hospital.

Incidence, patterns of progression, and outcomes of preexisting and newly discovered brain metastases during treatment with anti-PD-1 in patients with metastatic melanoma.

Background: Melanoma brain metastases (MBM) occur in up to 50% of patients with metastatic melanoma (MM) and represent a frequent site of systemic treatment failure for targeted therapies. However, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the incidence, patterns of disease progression, and outcomes of MBM in patients treated with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

Methods: A total of 320 patients with MM who were treated with anti-PD-1 at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston were reviewed.

Management of metastatic cutaneous melanoma: updates in clinical practice.

In recent years, several drugs have been approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma, completely reshaping the landscape of this aggressive disease. Immune therapy with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 and programmed cell death-1 inhibitors yielded significant and durable responses, achieving long-term disease control in up to 40% of the patients. BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi), in combination with MEK inhibitors, also resulted in improved overall survival compared with single-agent BRAFi in patients with -mutated metastatic melanoma.

Salivary gland tumors: Molecular characterization and therapeutic advances for metastatic disease.

Salivary gland cancers represent a rare group of tumors composed by over 20 histological subtypes. Initially treated as one single disease, its diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are currently being stratified based on morphology. More recently, insight has been provided on the molecular characterization of each subtype, further improving diagnostic accuracy and paving the way for personalized therapy.

Neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer treatment: an expert panel recommendation from the Brazilian Society of Breast Surgeons 2018.

Purpose: Breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) consists of the administration of cytotoxic and targeted drugs prior to breast surgery, with the objective of reducing the tumor burden to allow breast conservation. NAC also aims to improve long-term treatment outcomes such as disease-free and overall survival. To optimize clinical practice with the best available evidence for breast cancer patients in the setting of neoadjuvant treatment, the Brazilian Society of Breast Surgeons (Sociedade Brasileira de Mastologia-SBM) held a consensus conference to develop this guideline.

Response rates to single-agent chemotherapy after exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Exploratory analysis of clinical trials in various tumor types have demonstrated potential improvements in overall response rate (ORR) to chemotherapy after exposure to vaccine-based immunotherapy. The objective of this retrospective study was to determine if single-agent chemotherapy (3rd-line or beyond) would yield improved ORR when given after exposure to programmed death-(ligand)1 inhibitors (anti-PD1) in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: We queried the Thoracic GEMINI database of MD Anderson Cancer Center for patients treated between 06/12 and 11/16 who received at least one single-agent chemotherapy as 3rd-line or beyond, following progression after platinum-based chemotherapy and anti-PD1.