Pulmonary vein isolation alone and combined with renal sympathetic denervation in chronic kidney disease patients with refractory atrial fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) commonly occurs in association with chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting in adverse outcomes. Combining pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) may reduce the recurrence of AF in patients with CKD and hypertension. We considered that RSD could reduce the recurrence of AF in patients with CKD by modulating sympathetic hyperactivity.

Proof of concept study: renal sympathetic denervation for treatment of polymorphic premature ventricular complexes.

Background Or Purpose: Polymorphic premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are very common, appearing most frequently in patients with hypertension, obesity, sleep apnea, and structural heart disease. Sympathetic hyperactivity plays a critical role in the development, maintenance, and aggravation of ventricular arrhythmias. Recently, the relevance of sympathetic activation in patients with ventricular arrhythmias was reported, and this finding suggested a potential role for catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation in reducing the arrhythmic burden.

The addition of renal sympathetic denervation to pulmonary vein isolation reduces recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in chronic kidney disease patients.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently complicates chronic kidney disease (CKD). AF treatment is challenging and requires complete pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Recently, renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) has been reported to reduce AF recurrence when performed alongside PVI.