Publications by authors named "Gustavo Martelli-Palomino"

Background: Interleukin (IL)-17A has a dual role in tumor immunity, promotes anti-tumor responses and facilitates angiogenesis by interacting with IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA). Although IL-17A has been associated with the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the nucleotide variability at the IL17A and IL17RA genes is still poorly characterized.

Aim: To assess the contribution of the IL17A (-197 G >A, rs2275913) and IL17RA (-947 A >G, rs4819554) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on the development and progression of PTC and on IL-17 plasma levels.

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Congenital toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite which can cause fetal death/abortion and can induce damage in the brain and eyes of the infected babies. The environmental and genetic factors associated with T. gondii and the maternal immune response, drive part of the pathogenesis of congenital toxoplasmosis.

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Human Leukocyte Antigen G (HLA-G) is a molecule involved in the tumor immunosuppression and also in the generation of regulatory T (Treg) cells, thus leading to evasion to the immune system host, and consequently, contributing to tumor progression in several cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of HLA-G by tumor cells and FoxP3+ Treg cells in 25 oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 25 lower lip SCCs and analyze their relationship with clinical parameters. HLA-G expression was higher in oral tongue SCCs than in lower lip SCCs.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examines the role of immune checkpoint molecules PD-L1 and HLA-G in lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and actinic cheilitis (AC), focusing on their influence on T-cell effectiveness and tumor immune escape.* -
  • Results showed that PD-L1 and HLA-G expression was significantly higher in LSCC and AC compared to healthy lip tissue, with notable correlations between PD-L1, CD8, and granzyme B indicating an immune response, especially in tumors with metastasis.* -
  • The findings suggest that immune evasion through PD-L1 and HLA-G may occur early in lip cancer development, highlighting the potential for therapeutic strategies that block these pathways to enhance anti-tumor responses.*
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(BJ) and (BE) are viper snakes found in South-Southeast and Northeast regions of Brazil, respectively. Snake venoms are bioactive neurotoxic substances synthesized and stored by venom glands, with different physiological and pharmacological effects, recently suggesting a possible preference for targets in cancer cells; however, mechanisms of snakes have been little studied. Here, we investigated the mechanism responsible for snake crude venoms toxicity in cultured cervical cancer cells SiHa and HeLa.

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The immune checkpoint HLA-G prevents maternal rejection of the fetus and contributes in cancer invasion and acceptance of allografts. The 5' and 3' regulatory regions of the HLA-G gene are polymorphic and balancing selection probably maintains this variability. It is proposed that nucleotide variations may affect the level of HLA-G expression.

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Introduction: Expression of HLA-E molecule in the placental extravillous trophoblast is associated with immune system cell inhibition, resulting in immune tolerance to fetus during pregnancy. HIV-1 can infect trophoblast cells and modify the expression of HLA-E, which may inhibit the cytotoxic activity of the immune system.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate HLA-E expression in third trimester placental tissue of women infected with HIV-1 and uninfected women.

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Background: HLA-G is a nonclassical class I histocompatibility molecule implicated on the immune escape mechanism of tumour cells. We evaluated the genetic diversity of HLA-G 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) and associated polymorphic sites with clinical presentation and with the magnitude of HLA-G thyroid expression.

Patients And Methods: Polymorphic sites at 3'UTR (14bpINS/DEL, +3003C/T, +3010C/G, +3027A/C, +3035C/T, +3142C/G, +3187A/G, +3196C/G) were characterized by sequencing analyses in blood samples of 72 patients exhibiting papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 22 follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC), 19 follicular adenomas (FA), 21 colloid goitres and 156 healthy controls.

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Objectives: Neutrophils play a major role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. We aimed to evaluate if neutrophil DNA damage in RA patients is associated with the disease activity, autoantibodies status, carriage of the RA shared epitope (SE) and treatment.

Methods: DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay in peripheral blood (77 patients and 55 healthy controls) and in 10 RA synovial fluid neutrophils.

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Most human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected patients remain asymptomatic throughout life. The factors associated with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) development have not been fully elucidated; immunological and genetic factors may be involved. The association of 14 bp INS/DEL HLA-G polymorphism with HTLV-1 infection susceptibility has been reported previously.

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Objective: Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) exhibit increased toxicity when exposed to genotoxic agents. In our study, we evaluated DNA damage and polymorphic sites in 2 DNA repair genes (XRCC1 Arg399Gln and XRCC4 Ile401Thr) in patients with SSc.

Methods: A total of 177 patients were studied for DNA repair gene polymorphisms.

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Background/aims: Immune responses mediated by complement receptors (CR) are impaired in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Regarding CR3 (CD11b/CD18), the CD11b subunit is encoded by the ITGAM gene and a single nucleotide polymorphism (G230A; rs1143679) in ITGAM changes an arginine to a histidine at position 77 (R77H). We assessed whether the variant R77H, rs1143679 within ITGAM, is associated with the risk to developing SLE and the clinical manifestations of Brazilian SLE patients.

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HLA-G molecule has well-recognized tolerogenic properties, and the encoding gene shows lower frequency of polymorphism at the coding region but higher variability at regulatory 5' and 3' untranslated (3'UTR) regions. At least three 3'UTR polymorphic sites have been associated with HLA-G mRNA regulation, including the 14 base pair (14bp) Insertion/Deletion, +3142C-G and +3187A-G. We studied the association of polymorphic sites at 3'UTR (sequencing analysis, encompassing the 14bp Ins-Del/+3003T-C/+3010C-G/+3027C-A/+3035C-T/+3142C-G/+3187A-G/+3196C-G polymorphic sites) with plasma soluble HLA-G levels (sHLA-G, detected by ELISA) in 187 French and 153 Brazilian healthy individuals.

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Objective: To determine HLA-G expression in skin biopsies from patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), and its association with epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory variables and survival.

Methods: Paraffin-embedded skin biopsies obtained from 21 SSc patients (14 limited SSc, 7 diffuse SSc) and from 28 healthy controls were studied. HLA-G expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.

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Article Synopsis
  • The MHC region on chromosome 6 (6p21) is a key area linked to susceptibility for type 1 diabetes (T1D), along with other significant regions on chromosomes 1, 2, and 11 identified through genetic studies.
  • A large-scale analysis of gene expression in lymphomononuclear cells from T1D patients was conducted, revealing specific genes that were altered in the MHC and nearby regions.
  • The majority of these modulated genes are related to cellular functions like metabolism, transcription regulation, and signaling pathways, suggesting they could play a role in the development of diabetes.
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