A Biokinetic Approach in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis Prevention and Management - Exploring Movement Profiles and Kinetic Chain Interactions: Current Concepts.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease characterized by increasing prevalence and significant physical, psychological, and economic burdens. Despite extensive research, the definition, risk factors, and effective cost-efficient treatments for knee OA remain unclear. This article aims to revisit primary knee OA, understanding its etiology, and focusing on prevention and individualized non-operative treatment modalities.

Gait kinematics of osteoarthritic knees after intra-articular viscosupplementation: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: The utilization of subjective questionnaires for assessing conservative treatment in knee osteoarthritis may present challenges in identifying differences due to inadequate statistical power. Objective tools, such as three-dimensional (3D) kinematic analysis, are accurate and reproducible methods. However, no high-quality studies assessing the effects of intra-articular viscosupplementation (VS) have been published.

Changes in in vivo three dimensional shoulder kinematics following latissimus dorsi tendon transfer for irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Latissimus dorsi transfer is a surgical procedure that can be used for treating posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. The procedure leads to improved shoulder function via alterations in the force vector couple around the shoulder. However, there is still no consensus on the biomechanical changes resulting from latissimus dorsi transfer.

Variables Associated With Knee Valgus in Male Professional Soccer Players During a Single-Leg Vertical Landing Task.

Prior studies have explored the relationship between knee valgus and musculoskeletal variables to formulate injury prevention programs, primarily for females. Nonetheless, there is insufficient evidence pertaining to professional male soccer players. Here, the aim was to test the correlation of lateral trunk inclination, hip adduction, hip internal rotation, ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, and hip isometric strength with knee valgus during the single-leg vertical jump test.

Clinical and radiographic characterization of three-dimensional gait profiles of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Previous authors have utilized gait kinematics to categorize knee osteoarthritis patients into four distinct profiles: (1) flexed knee; (2) externally rotated knee; (3) stiff knee; and (4) knee varus thrust and rotational rigidity. However, the relationship between these gait profiles and patients' characteristics remains poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether differences in clinical and radiographic characteristics were associated with these four gait profiles.

Validity and reliability of two-dimensional video-based assessment to measure joint angles during running: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Two-dimensional video analysis systems (2DVAS) are commonly used by clinicians and researchers to determine angles during running. The aim of this systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42022322798) was to synthesize the literature on the criterion validity and reliability of 2DVAS for measuring angles during running compared to three-dimensional motion analysis systems (3DMAS). We searched for articles on MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE, SciELO, and LILACS up to October/2022.

Biokinetic Evaluation of Hallux Valgus during Gait: A Systematic Review.

Background: Foot pathologies can affect the kinetic chain during gait, leading to altered loading at other joints that can lead to subsequent pathologies. Although hallux valgus is the most common foot disease, little has been discussed about the biokinetic effects of hallux valgus on the foot and lower limb. This systematic review evaluated the kinematic, kinetic, and pedobarographic changes of the hallux valgus foot compared to a healthy one.

Effects of therapeutic interventions on pain due to plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine the effects of different therapeutic interventions that have ever been evaluated in randomized controlled trials on pain due to plantar fasciitis.

Methods: We searched different electronic databases until September 2022. Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Three-dimensional kinematic evaluation of scapulohumeral rhythm after reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The movement of the arm relative to the trunk results from 3-dimensional (3D) coordinated movements of the glenohumeral (GH) and scapulothoracic (ST) joints and dictates the scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR). Alterations in SHR increase joint overload and may lead to low functional scores, pain, and failures in patients undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine 3D SHR kinematics after RSA and compare it to that of asymptomatic shoulders.

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation training reduces pain and disability in individuals with chronic low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: and purpose: Although proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercises are used in rehabilitation practice, their effects in patients with low back pain (LBP) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of PNF training for pain and disability in patients with LBP.

Methods: In this systematic review, we searched five databases from the earliest date available to October 2020.

Effect of low-level laser therapy on pain and disability in patients with plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We performed a systematic review to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on pain and disability in patients with plantar fasciitis (PF).

Methods: We searched Pubmed, PEDro database, Scielo, and Cochrane Central for randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of LLLT for patients with PF. The methodological aspects of the studies included were scored using the PEDro scale.

Are there different gait profiles in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis? A machine learning approach.

Background: Determine whether knee kinematics features analyzed using machine-learning algorithms can identify different gait profiles in knee OA patients.

Methods: 3D gait kinematic data were recorded from 42 patients (Kellgren-Lawrence stages III and IV) walking barefoot at individual maximal gait speed (0.98 ± 0.

Indications and Outcomes for Arthroscopic Hip Labral Reconstruction With Autografts: A Systematic Review.

The acetabular labrum plays a major role in hip function and stability. The gold standard treatment for labral tears is labral repair, but in cases where tissue is not amenable to repair, reconstruction has been demonstrated to provide superior outcomes compared to debridement. Many types of grafts have been used for reconstruction with good to excellent outcomes.

Do hip strength, flexibility and running biomechanics predict dynamic valgus in female recreational runners?

Backgound: Dynamic valgus has been the focus of many studies to identify its association to an increased risk of running-related injuries. However, it is not known which physical and biomechanical variables are associated with this movement dysfunction.

Research Question: This study aimed to test the correlation between strength, flexibility and biomechanical variables and dynamic valgus in female runners.

Validation of the Brazilian version of the Hip Outcome Score (HOS) questionnaire.

Background: The Hip Outcome Score (HOS) was developed to evaluate physically active patients with hip disease but without severe degenerative change. A translation and cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese was previously conducted. The aim of this study was to validate the Brazilian version of the HOS (HOS-Brazil) among a group of physically active patients with a diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) or greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS).

Prediction of mild anatomical leg length discrepancy based on gait kinematics and linear regression model.

Backgound: Leg length discrepancy (LLD) can be related to different pathologies, due to an inadequate distribution of mechanical loads, as well as gait kinematics asymmetries resulted from LLD.

Research Question: To validate a model to predict anatomical LLD (ALLD) based on gait kinematics.

Methods: Gait of 39 participants with different lower limb pathologies and mild discrepancy were collected.

Association between knee-to-hip flexion ratio during single-leg vertical landings, and strength and range of motion in professional soccer players.

The aim of this study was to test the correlation between knee-to-hip flexion ratio during a single leg landing task and hip and knee strength, and ankle range of motion. Twenty-four male participants from a professional soccer team performed a continuous single leg jump-landing test during 10s, while lower limb kinematics data were collected using a motion analysis system. After biomechanical testing, maximal isometric hip (abduction, extension, external rotation), knee extension and flexion strength were measured.

Dynamic leg length asymmetry during gait is not a valid method for estimating mild anatomic leg length discrepancy.

The purpose of this study was to test the validity of dynamic leg length discrepancy (DLLD) during gait as a radiation-free screening method for measuring anatomic leg length discrepancy (ALLD). Thirty-three subjects with mild leg length discrepancy walked along a walkway and the dynamic leg length discrepancy (DLLD) was calculated using a motion analysis system. Pearson correlation and paired Student -tests were applied to calculate the correlation and compare the differences between DLLD and ALLD (α = 0.

KNEE SYNERGISM DURING GAIT REMAIN ALTERED ONE YEAR AFTER ACL RECONSTRUCTION.

Objective: To compare the activation of the vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles during gait, as well VL/BF muscular co-contraction (MCC) between healthy (CG) and anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed (ACL-R) subjects.

Methods: Nineteen subjects, ten controls and nine ACL-R patients had a VL and BF electromyogram (EMG) captured to calculate the MCC ratio. A Principal Component (PC) Analysis was applied to reduce the dimensionality effect of each of the MCC, VL and BF curves for both healthy and ACL reconstructed groups.

USE OF SPATIOTEMPORAL GAIT PARAMETERS TO DETERMINE RETURN TO SPORTS AFTER ACL RECONSTRUCTION.

Objective: : To compare gait spatiotemporal parameters of healthy and ACL reconstructed subjects in order to classify the status of gait normality.

Methods: : Fourteen healthy subjects and eight patients submitted to ACL reconstruction walked along a walkway while the lower limbs movement was captured by an infrared camera system. The frames where the initial contact and toe-off took place were determined and the following dependent variables, which were compared between groups through the Mann-Whitney test (a=0.

Residual analysis of ground reaction forces simulation during gait using neural networks with different configurations.

The aim of the study was to analyze and compare the residuals obtained from ground reaction force (GRF) models developed using two different neural network configurations (one network with three outputs; and three networks with one output each), based on accelerometer data. Seventeen healthy subjects walked along a walkway, with a force plate embedded, with a three dimensional accelerometer attached to the shank. Multilayer perceptron networks (MLP) models were developed with the 3D accelerometer data as inputs to predict the GRF.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Brazilian version of the Nonarthritic Hip Score.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS) is a clinical evaluation questionnaire that was developed in the English language to evaluate hip function in young and physically active patients. The aims of this study were to translate this questionnaire into the Brazilian Portuguese language, to adapt it to Brazilian culture and to validate it. DESIGN AND SETTING Cohort study conducted between 2008 and 2010, at Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ).

Motor coordination during gait after anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review of the literature.

To investigate the state of art about motor coordination during gait in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Searches were carried out, limited from 1980 to 2010, in various databases with keywords related to motor coordination, gait and ACL injury. From the analysis of titles and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria 24 studies were initially selected and, after reading the abstract, eight studies remained in the final analysis.

Classification of gait kinematics of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed subjects using principal component analysis and regressions modelling.

The aim of this study was to compare the knee kinematics of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed (ACL-R) and healthy subjects (CG) during gait and classify the status of normality. Ten healthy and six ACL-R subjects had their gait analyzed at 60 fps. 3D knee angles were calculated and inserted into three separate matrices used to perform the principal component (PC) analysis.