Therapeutic challenges in pregnant women with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: A case report.

Introduction: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired disease, arising from the mutation of clonal hematopoietic stem cells, with an estimated incidence of 1 to 5 cases per million individuals. In pregnant women, adequate information regarding the prevalence of PNH is lacking, and its management has been a challenge because of the significant complications in this group. The condition is diagnosed based on clinical findings and laboratory tests.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart rate variability: a literature update.

Background: The literature indicates that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects cardiac autonomic control. In this study, we conducted a literature review in order to investigate the heart rate variability (HRV) in COPD subjects.

Methods: A search was performed in Medline database, using the link between the keywords: "autonomic nervous system", "cardiovascular system", "COPD" and "heart rate variability".