Evaluation of Criminal Responsibility in a Patient with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Intellectual Disability.

The current study presents the case of a young man with intellectual disability related to fetal alcohol syndrome, referred for forensic psychiatric examination of criminal liability following charges of armed robbery, and who was considered not criminally liable. In such cases, it is crucial to perform early diagnosis and rely on educational and developmental services and a supportive home environment to decrease complications such as substance use and criminal involvement.

Matricide and schizophrenia- psychopathological, psychodynamic, and forensic aspects: a case report.

Matricide is the murder of a mother by her son or daughter, a form of homicide rarely seen in psychiatric practice. A narrative review was conducted on the relationship between matricide and schizophrenia, followed by a case report in Brazil of a schizophrenic patient who murdered his mother and was submitted to forensic psychiatric assessment for criminal liability. The article discusses psychopathological, psychodynamic, and forensic aspects related to the case.

Cessation of dangerousness status in Brasília, Brazil: An analysis of 144 reports from Federal District Medical Examiner's Office in the last 10 years.

The aim of this study is to evaluate factors related to cessation of dangerousness of individuals under safety measures, through the study of psychiatric reports. This is a cross-sectional study, conducted through a retrospective analysis of expert psychiatric dangerousness cessation reports issued by the Federal District Coroner's Office, Brasília, Brazil. By examining official files, information was extracted from the reports (socio-demographic data, clinical characteristics, type of crime, historical characteristics and the search for items related to risk assessment present in instruments such as Historical, Clinical and Risk Management [HCR-20], Psychopathy Checklist - Revised [PCL-R], Two-Tiered Violence Risk Scale [TTV], Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability [START] and others) and submitted to statistical analysis and then compared to other studies on the subject.

Case Report: Depression × dementia with Lewy bodies in the elderly: The importance of differential diagnosis.

Background: Dementia is a clinical syndrome which is more common in elderly people. Dementia with Lewy bodies (LBD) is not so rare in elderly people, with cognitive impairment in about 30% over age 65. The clinical picture is characterized by fluctuation in cognitive functions, recurrent, well-formed, detailed visual hallucinations, and Parkinsonism, with rigidity, tremor, bradykinesia, and slurred speech.

Dementia or psychosis precipitated by social isolation? A brief case report in COVID-19 pandemic times.

Background: The year 2020 was marked by the pandemic of COVID-19, which abruptly changed the ways of dealing with viral infections and social relationships. Cognitive, emotional, and neurological effects due to infection with this condition, as well as several health damages, are due to social isolation.

Aim: To recognize the consequences of and reasons behind forced social isolation and related psychosis symptoms.

Prevalence of Capgras syndrome in Alzheimer's patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: The association between Capgras syndrome and Alzheimer's disease has been reported in several studies, but its prevalence varies considerably in the literature, making it difficult to measure and manage this condition.

Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of Capgras syndrome in patients with Alzheimer's disease through a systematic review, and to review etiological and pathophysiological aspects related to the syndrome.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the Medline, ISI, Cochrane, Scielo, Lilacs, and Embase databases.

Matrix support in mental health in primary care: the vision of supporters and nurses.

Objective: To understand the view of supporters and nurses on matrix support mental health actions in Primary Health Care.

Method: A qualitative and phenomenological study, with Alfred Schutz's framework of phenomenological sociology. The study was conducted with five supporters and 22 nurses from Basic Health Care Units in the city of Porto Alegre.

Design and evaluation of a modular lower limb exoskeleton for rehabilitation.

This paper deals with the evaluation of an exoskeleton designed for assisting individuals to rehabilitate compromised lower limb movements resulting from stroke or incomplete spinal cord injury. The exoskeleton is composed of lightweight tubular structures and six free joints that provide a modular feature to the system. This feature allows the exoskeleton to be adapted to assist the movement of one or more patient joints.

Cessation of dangerousness status: an analysis of 224 reports from the Instituto de Perícias Heitor Carrilho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Objectives:: To evaluate factors related to dangerousness cessation at the end of involuntary commitment based on an analysis of expert reports. In light of the current legal requirement of dangerousness cessation as a pre-requisite for prison or internment release of individuals subjected to the safety measure, we sought elements to reflect on the practice of expert examiners in charge of making this decision.

Methods:: The authors revised 224 expert psychiatric dangerousness cessation reports released 2011 through 2014 and collected data for a statistical analysis.

Femoropatellar radiographic alterations in cases of anterior cruciate ligament failure.

Objective: To make a comparative analysis on three femoropatellar radiographic parameters, between knees with chronic failure of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and normal knees.

Methods: Thirty volunteer patients with a diagnosis of unilateral isolated chronic ACL injury for more than one year and a normal contralateral knee were selected. Digital radiographs were produced for all the patients, on both knees in absolute lateral view at 30° of flexion, with and without load-bearing on one leg, and in axial view of the patella at 30°.

[Mental health care technologies for treating crack users].

The aim of this study was to identify mental health care technologies for treating crack users in a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and other Drugs (CAPsad, as per its acronym in Portuguese). A qualitative, evaluative case study was developed in a CAPSad, using fourth generation evaluation. Data collection occurred from January to March 2013 by means of semi-structured interviews applied to 36 subjects, these being health care professionals, patients, patients' relatives and managers.

Esophageal mucosal resection versus esophagectomy: a comparative study of surgical results in patients with advanced megaesophagus.

Background: The surgical treatment of advanced megaesophagus has no consensus, being esophagectomy the more commonly used method. Since it has high morbimortality--inconvenient for benign disease -, in recent years an alternative has been introduced: the esophageal mucosal resection.

Aim: To compare early and late results of the two techniques evaluating the operative time, length of ICU stay; postoperative hospitalization; total hospitalization; intra- and postoperative complication rates; mortality; and long-term results.

Formation and stability of oil-in-water nanoemulsions containing rice bran oil: in vitro and in vivo assessments.

Background: Nanoemulsions have practical application in a multitude of commercial areas, such as the chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Cosmetic industries use rice bran oil in sunscreen formulations, anti ageing products and in treatments for skin diseases. The aim of this study was to create rice bran oil nanoemulsions using low energy emulsification methods and to evaluate their physical stability, irritation potential and moisturising activity on volunteers with normal and diseased skin types.

Results of the surgical treatment of non-advanced megaesophagus using Heller-Pinotti's surgery: Laparotomy vs. Laparoscopy.

Introduction: Dysphagia is the important symptom in achalasia, and surgery is the most common treatment. The Heller-Pinotti technique is the method preferred by Brazilian surgeons. For many years, this technique was performed by laparotomy, and now the laparoscopic method has been introduced.

[Botulinum toxin type A influence on the lacrimal function of patients with facial dystonia].

Purpose: To analyze the influence of botulinum toxin on the lacrimal function of patients with facial dystonias.

Methods: Patients with the diagnosis of hemifacial spasm or benign essential blepharospasm were evaluated and invited to answer the Ocular Surface Index Disease (OSID) questionnaire. All patients underwent Schirmer I and basal tests; break-up time (BUT) test and lacrimal clearance evaluation.

[Surgical treatment of megaesophagus at UNICAMP Hospital of Clinics - associated factors with better and worse results].

Objectives: To verify some possible factors, which would be associated with better or worse results for surgical treatment of megaesophagus.

Methods: There were 417 patients operated on for megaesophagus, but only 390 medical charts were analyzed between 1989 and 2005. The presence of intraoperative and postoperative complications and the maintenance of severe dysphagia complaints were evaluated in a directed questionnaire, studying association with: the surgical approach chosen, megaesophagus degree, etiology and presence of other digestive alterations.

[Surgically treated megaesophagus: epidemiological profile of patients operated in the Clinical Hospital of the State University of Campinas between 1989 and 2005].

Megaesophagus is one of the manifestations of Chagas disease and surgical treatment is the approach that presents the best results. In this retrospective study, the epidemiological profile of patients operated in the Clinical Hospital of University of Campinas between 1989 and 2005 was evaluated with regard to: place of birth, place of residence, probable place of infection, age, degree of megaesophagus, etiology, duration and evolution of dysphagia, other diseases in association and the type of surgery chosen. The method used was to analyze the 390 medical files of these patients, at the hospitals medical archive service.