COVID-19 pneumonia assessed at a private hospital, a field hospital, and a public-referral hospital: population analysis, chest computed tomography findings, and outcomes.

Objective: To compare a private quaternary referral hospital, a public tertiary hospital, and a field hospital dedicated to patients with COVID-19, regarding patients' characteristics, clinical parameters, laboratory, imaging findings, and outcomes of patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.

Methods: Retrospective multicenter observational study that assessed the association of clinical, laboratory and CT data of 453 patients with COVID-19, and also their outcomes (hospital discharge or admission, intensive care unit admission, need for mechanical ventilation, and mortality caused by COVID-19).

Results: The mean age of patients was 55 years (±16 years), 58.

Correlation between chest computed tomography findings and pulmonary function test results in the post-recovery phase of COVID-19.

Objective: The radiological and functional lung sequelae in COVID-19 survivors remain unclear. We compared the chest computed tomography findings of COVID-19 patients with normal and abnormal pulmonary function test results in the post-recovery phase.

Methods: The data of consecutive patients who underwent pulmonary function tests and chest computed tomography within 14 days after recovery from COVID-19 at two medical centers between May and October 2020 were collected retrospectively.

Challenges of Implementing Lung Cancer Screening in a Developing Country: Results of the Second Brazilian Early Lung Cancer Screening Trial (BRELT2).

Purpose: This paper aims to present the results of a series of several Brazilian institutions that have been carrying out lung cancer screening (LCS).

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective, cohort study, with follow-up of individuals of both sexes, with a heavy smoking history, who participated in LCS programs between December 2013 and January 2021 in six Brazilian institutions located in the states of São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, and Bahia.

Results: Three thousand four hundred seventy individuals were included, of which 59.

Differential diagnoses of acute ground-glass opacity in chest computed tomography: pictorial essay.

Ground-glass opacity is a very frequent and unspecified finding in chest computed tomography. Therefore, it admits a wide range of differential diagnoses in the acute context, from viral pneumonias such as influenza virus, coronavirus disease 2019 and cytomegalovirus and even non-infectious lesions, such as vaping, pulmonary infarction, alveolar hemorrhage and pulmonary edema. For this diagnostic differentiation, ground glass must be correlated with other findings in imaging tests, with laboratory tests and with the patients' clinical condition.

LDCT lung cancer screening in populations at different risk for lung cancer.

Introduction: The improvement of low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening selection criteria could help to include more individuals who have lung cancer, or in whom lung cancer will develop, while avoiding significant cost increase. We evaluated baseline results of LDCT lung cancer screening in a population with a heterogeneous risk profile for lung cancer.

Methods: LDCT lung cancer screening was implemented alongside a preventive health programme in a private hospital in Brazil.

Anatomical variations and congenital anomalies of the ribs revisited by multidetector computed tomography.

As they are asymptomatic or have a nonspecific, anatomical variations of the ribs are usually detected as incidental findings on imaging studies. They may be isolated changes or can be related to anomalies or clinical syndromes. Such variations are easily overlooked on conventional radiography and computed tomography if they are not actively investigated, mainly because most indications for a chest X-ray studies aim to evaluate the lung parenchyma and mediastinal structures.

Performance of Chest Computed Tomography in Differentiating Coronavirus Disease 2019 From Other Viral Infections Using a Standardized Classification.

Background: An expert consensus recently proposed a standardized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reporting language for computed tomography (CT) findings of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of CT in differentiating COVID-19 from other viral infections using a standardized reporting classification.

Methods: A total of 175 consecutive patients were retrospectively identified from a single tertiary-care medical center from March 15 to March 24, 2020, including 87 with positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for COVID-19 and 88 with negative COVID-19 RT-PCR test, but positive respiratory pathogen panel.

Initial Results of the Use of a Standardized Diagnostic Criteria for Chest Computed Tomography Findings in Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the initial results of chest computed tomography (CT) standardized diagnostic criteria proposed by the Radiological Society of North America in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Methods: Seventy-one patients who underwent RT-PCR test for COVID-19 and chest CT within an interval of 4 days or less were included. Seventy-five CTs were reviewed and classified as typical, indeterminate, or atypical appearance or negative for pneumonia by 2 radiologists.

COVID-19 findings identified in chest computed tomography: a pictorial essay.

The disease caused by the new coronavirus, or COVID-19, has been recently described and became a health issue worldwide. Its diagnosis of certainty is given by polymerase chain reaction. High-resolution computed tomography, however, is useful in the current context of pandemic, especially for the most severe cases, in assessing disease extent, possible differential diagnoses and searching complications.

Presentation of pulmonary infection on CT in COVID-19: initial experience in Brazil.

The disease caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), designated COVID-19, emerged in late 2019 in China, in the city of Wuhan (Hubei province), and showed exponential growth in that country. It subsequently spread to all continents, and infection with SARS-CoV-2 is now classified as a pandemic. Given the magnitude achieved, scientific interest in COVID-19 has also grown in the international literature, including its manifestations on imaging studies, particularly on CT.

Evaluation of the extent of pulmonary cysts and their association with functional variables and serum markers in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM).

Purpose: Although computed tomography (CT) has been used previously to assess disease severity in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), the associations between the extent of pulmonary cysts on CT and six-minute walk test (6MWT), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-D) are not well established. We performed a cross-sectional study to quantify the extent of pulmonary cysts in CT and to establish their correlations with pulmonary function tests (PFTs), 6MWT results, including a composite index (desaturation-distance ratio, DDR), and levels of VEGF-D and MMPs in LAM.

Methods: Twenty-three LAM patients underwent CT scanning to automatically quantify the extent of pulmonary cysts and performed PFTs and 6MWT.

Reduction of poor contrast enhancement of the pulmonary artery in computed tomography angiography using an alternative respiratory maneuver.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of different respiratory maneuvers in computed tomography pulmonary angiography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) on the contrast enhancement of pulmonary circulation and on the quality of lung window images.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 520 examinations, half obtained after deep inspiration followed by breath-holding and half solely during breath-holding. Subjective quality analyses and objective measurements of pulmonary arterial enhancement and lung parenchyma attenuation were performed.

Coronary computed tomography angiography with 320-row detector and using the AIDR-3D: initial experience.

Coronary computed tomography angiography (coronary CTA) is a powerful non-invasive imaging method to evaluate coronary artery disease. Nowadays, coronary CTA estimated effective radiation dose can be dramatically reduced using state-of-the-art scanners, such as 320-row detector CT (320-CT), without changing coronary CTA diagnostic accuracy. To optimize and further reduce the radiation dose, new iterative reconstruction algorithms were released recently by several CT manufacturers, and now they are used routinely in coronary CTA.