Assessment of postoperative pain in patients undergoing temporomandibular joint arthroscopy with infiltration of dexamethasone disodium phosphate in different concentrations. A randomized controlled trial.

The main aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of intra-articular, sub-synovial steroid injections (IASSSI) with different doses during temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthroscopy. Using a single-blind, randomized clinical trial, the investigators enrolled a sample of subjects who underwent TMJ arthroscopy with vs. without IASSSI for treating TMJ disorder (TMD).

Iatrogenics in Orthodontics and its challenges.

Introduction:: Orthodontics has gone through remarkable advances for those who practice it with dignity and clinical quality, such as the unprecedented number of patients treated of some type of iatrogenic problems (post-treatment root resorptions; occlusal plane changes; midline discrepancies, asymmetries, etc). Several questions may raise useful reflections about the constant increase of iatrogenics. What is causing it? Does it occur when dentists are properly trained? In legal terms, how can dentists accept these patients? How should they be orthodontically treated? What are the most common problems?

Objective:: This study analyzed and discussed relevant aspects to understand patients with iatrogenic problems and describe a simple and efficient approach to treat complex cases associated with orthodontic iatrogenics.

Executive function and processing speed in Brazilian HIV-infected children and adolescents.

Background: Cognitive disorders in infants and children who are vertically infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been recognized since the inception of the epidemic.

Objective: The present study investigated neuropsychological performance in a cohort of vertically infected Brazilian children and adolescents who underwent antiretroviral therapy. The neuropsychological tasks were designed to evaluate executive function and processing speed.

Angle Class II malocclusion treated with extraction of permanent teeth.

Angle Class II malocclusion associated with anterior open bite in adult patients demands a carefully elaborated orthodontic planning, aiming at restoring not only harmonious dental and facial esthetics, but also a balanced masticatory function. Orthognathic surgery or permanent teeth extraction are often the choice of treatment, therefore, treatment decision is related to all dental, skeletal and functional aspects. The present report discusses orthodontic compensation carried out by means of upper premolar extraction performed to correct the Class II canine relationship and, consequently, the anterior open bite, accepting that the upper incisors be retroclined.

Rapid maxillary expansion with the Hyrax appliance: an occlusal radiographic evaluation study.

Aim: To evaluate, via occlusal radiographs, transversal alterations that result from rapid maxillary expansion with the Hyrax appliance.

Methods: The sample consisted of 14 children of both genders, in mixed dentition, with unilateral or bilateral posterior crossbite. Occlusal radiographs were taken at the beginning and at the end of maxillary expansion.