Aims: This work investigates the role of myoglobin in mediating the vascular relaxation induced by nitrite. Nitrite, previously considered an inert by-product of nitric oxide metabolism, is now believed to play an important role in several areas of pharmacology and physiology. Myoglobin can act as a nitrite reductase in the heart, where it is plentiful, but it is present at a far lower level in vascular smooth muscle-indeed, its existence in the vessel wall is controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReduced endothelial surface charge markedly increases the rate of LDL uptake into blood vessels. Previous work in the streptozotocin diabetic rat reported reduced endothelial surface charge. We compared endothelial surface charge density in internal mammary artery rings from patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 12) and from non diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, and observed a substantial (52%) reduction in the former.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSkeletal muscle is rarely a site of malignant metastasis; the molecular and cellular basis for this rarity is not understood. We report that myogenic cells exert pronounced effects upon co-culture with metastatic melanoma (B16-F10) or carcinoma (LLC1) cells including conversion to the myogenic lineage in vitro and in vivo, as well as inhibition of melanin production in melanoma cells coupled with cytotoxic and cytostatic effects. No effect is seen with non-tumorigenic cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It has been proposed that under hypoxic conditions, nitrite may release nitric oxide, which causes potent vasodilation. We hypothesized that nitrite would have a greater dilator effect in capacitance than in resistance vessels because of lower oxygen tension and that resistance-vessel dilation should become more pronounced during hypoxemia. The effect of intra-arterial infusion of nitrite on forearm blood flow and forearm venous volumes was assessed during normoxia and hypoxia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of long-term low-dose treatment with reserpine on plasma lipoproteins and arterial cholesterol were determined in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Hepatic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors; uptake of LDL by liver, heart, and kidneys; plasma fibrinogen; blood pressure; and heart rate were also determined. Reserpine at 43 microg/kg.
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