Inequities in Unmet Oral Care Needs after a Swedish Subsidization Reform: An Intersectional Analysis.

Introduction: The main strategy to achieve equal provision of oral care in Sweden has been to offer partial subsidies for the adult population. However, their effects on unmet oral care needs (UOCNs) have not been extensively assessed.

Objective: This study used an intersectionality framework to examine 1) the overall frequency of UOCNs, 2) single-indicator inequities, and 3) intersectional inequities in total UOCNs and financial-related UOCNs (FUOCNs) in Sweden before and after implementation of a partial subsidization reform in 2008.

Intersectional inequities in colorectal cancer screening attendance in Sweden: Using decision trees for intersectional matrix reduction.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant health burden worldwide, with existing inequities in incidence and mortality. In Sweden, CRC screening programmes have varied regionally since the mid-2000s, but the significance of organised screening for counteracting complex inequities in screening attendance has not been investigated. This study aimed to assess patterns of inequities in lifetime CRC screening attendance in the Swedish population aged 60-69 years by identifying intersectional strata at higher risk of never attending CRC screening.

Sensory white noise in clinical ADHD: Who benefits from noise, and who performs worse?

Background: Experimental research has shown the benefits of auditory white noise on cognitive performance in children with attention problems. However, little is currently known about individual differences in noise response amongst children with a clinical diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In addition, no research has so far tested the effects of visual white noise on children with ADHD.

Clinician attitudes towards adoption of evidence-based practice: a nationwide multiprofessional cross-sectional study of child and adolescent mental health services in Sweden.

Background: Implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) is a priority to improve service delivery and outcomes. Clinicians' EBP attitudes are likely to play a crucial role in implementation but are poorly understood. This study aimed to assess variation in EBP attitudes in a large national sample of CAMHS clinicians in Sweden, and to compare these findings to findings from the United States of America (USA).

The transmission of social inequalities through economic difficulties and lifestyle factors on body mass index: An intersectional mediation analysis in the Swedish population.

Body mass index (BMI) has increased in Sweden, disproportionally for socially disadvantaged groups, including women, low-educated, and immigrants, who may also face economic constraints, physical inactivity, and poor-quality diets. Intersectional public health research aims to unravel such complex social inequalities, but the intersectional transmission of inequalities to BMI remains unexplored. We aimed to examine intersectional inequalities in BMI mediated by economic strain and health-related lifestyle in the Swedish population.

Multilevel barriers to guideline implementation: a nationwide multi-professional cross-sectional study within child and adolescent psychiatry.

Background: Despite efforts to promote guideline use, guideline adoption is often suboptimal due to failure to identify and address relevant barriers. Barriers vary not only between guidelines but also between settings, intended users, and targeted patients. Multi-professional guidelines are often used in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS), making the implementation process more difficult.

No Effects of Auditory and Visual White Noise on Oculomotor Control in Children with ADHD.

Background: White noise stimulation has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing working memory in children with ADHD. However, its impact on other executive functions commonly affected by ADHD, such as inhibitory control, remains largely unexplored. This research aims to explore the effects of two types of white noise stimulation on oculomotor inhibitory control in children with ADHD.

Corrigendum: Neurocognitive and cerebellar function in ADHD, autism and spinocerebellar ataxia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.

Evaluating the impact of the 2010 Swedish choice reform in primary health care on avoidable hospitalization and socioeconomic inequities: an interrupted time series analysis using register data.

Background: The Swedish Primary Health Care (PHC) system has, like in other European countries, undergone a gradual transition towards marketization and privatization, most distinctly through a 2010 choice reform. The reform led to an overall but regionally heterogenous expansion of private PHC providers in Sweden, and with evidence also pointing to possible inequities in various aspects of PHC provision. Evidence on the reform's impact on population-level primary health care performance and equity in performance remains scarce.

Effects of Auditory and Visual White Noise on Oculomotor Inhibition in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Protocol for a Crossover Study.

Background: In attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), poor inhibitory control is one of the main characteristics, with oculomotor inhibition impairments being considered a potential biomarker of the disorder. While auditory white noise has demonstrated the ability to enhance working memory in this group, visual white noise is still unexplored and so are the effects of both types of white noise stimulation on oculomotor inhibition.

Objective: This crossover study aims to explore the impact of auditory and visual white noise on oculomotor inhibition in children with ADHD and typically developing (TD) children.

Correction: Eyewitness accuracy and retrieval effort: Effects of time and repetition.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Comparative sensitivity of early cystic fibrosis lung disease detection tools in school aged children.

Background: Effective detection of early lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) is critical to understanding early pathogenesis and evaluating early intervention strategies. We aimed to compare ability of several proposed sensitive functional tools to detect early CF lung disease as defined by CT structural disease in school aged children.

Methods: 50 CF subjects (mean±SD 11.

Starting then stopping: a nationwide register-based study on the magnitude, predictors, and urban-rural patterns of under-vaccination variation across health centers in The Gambia.

Objectives: Six million children were under-vaccinated in 2022. Our study aimed to 1) quantify the magnitude of under-vaccination variation between health facilities, 2) assess to which extent individual and health center level factors contributed to the variation, 3) identify individual and health facility factors associated with under-vaccination, and 4), explore rural vs. urban health facility variations.

A unified framework for prediction of liver steatosis dynamics in response to different diet and drug interventions.

Background & Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic disorder, characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the liver, and is a driving factor for various severe liver diseases. These multi-factorial and multi-timescale changes are observed in different clinical studies, but these studies have not been integrated into a unified framework. In this study, we aim to present such a unified framework in the form of a dynamic mathematical model.

The LEADING Guideline: Reporting Standards for Expert Panel, Best-Estimate Diagnosis, and Longitudinal Expert All Data (LEAD) Studies.

Background: Accurate assessments of symptoms and illnesses are essential for health research and clinical practice but face many challenges. The absence of a single error-free measure is currently addressed by assessment methods involving experts reviewing several sources of information to achieve a more accurate or best-estimate assessment. Three bodies of work spanning medicine, psychiatry, and psychology propose similar assessment methods: The Expert Panel, the Best-Estimate Diagnosis, and the Longitudinal Expert All Data (LEAD) method.

The semantic structure of accuracy in eyewitness testimony.

In two studies, we examined if correct and incorrect statements in eyewitness testimony differed in semantic content. Testimony statements were obtained from participants who watched staged crime films and were interviewed as eyewitnesses. We analyzed the latent semantic representations of these statements using LSA and BERT.

Intersectional inequalities in paediatric infectious diseases: a national cohort study in Sweden.

Background: It is well known that socially deprived children are more likely to be hospitalised for infections. Less is known about how different social disadvantages interact. Therefore, we examine intersectional inequalities in overall, upper respiratory, lower respiratory, enteric and genitourinary infections in the first 5 years of life.

Impact of an oral care subsidization reform on intersectional inequities in self-rated oral health in Sweden.

Background: Oral health in Sweden is good at the population level, but seemingly with persisting or increasing inequities over the last decades. In 2008, a major Swedish reform introduced universal partial subsidies to promote preventive care and reduce the treatment cost for patients with extensive care needs. This study aimed to apply an intersectional approach to assess the impact of the 2008 subsidization reform on inequities in self-rated oral health among adults in Sweden over the period 2004-2018.

Embodiment of discrimination: a cross-sectional study of threats, humiliating treatment and ethnic discrimination in relation to somatic health complaints among Sámi in Sweden.

Background: Ethnic discrimination is acknowledged as a social determinant of health for Indigenous populations worldwide. This study aimed to investigate embodiment of perceived ethnic discrimination among the Sámi population in Sweden.

Methods: A population-based health study was conducted among the Sámi population aged 18-84 years in 2021.

A novel application of interrupted time series analysis to identify the impact of a primary health care reform on intersectional inequities in avoidable hospitalizations in the adult Swedish population.

Primary health care (PHC) systems are a crucial instrument for achieving equitable population health, but there is little evidence of how PHC reforms impact equities in population health. In 2010, Sweden implemented a reform that promoted marketization and privatization of PHC. The present study uses a novel integration of intersectionality-informed and evaluative epidemiological analytical frameworks to disentangle the impact of the 2010 Swedish PHC reform on intersectional inequities in avoidable hospitalizations.

Costs Related to Diverting Ileostomy After Rectal Cancer Surgery: A Population-Based Healthcare Cost Analysis Based on Nationwide Registers.

Low anterior resection for rectal cancer often includes a diverting loop-ileostomy to avoid the severe consequences of anastomotic leakage. Reversal of the stoma is often delayed, which can incur health-care costs on different levels. The aim is to, on population basis, determine stoma-related costs, and to investigate habitual and socioeconomic factors associated to the level of cost.

Missed opportunities for vaccination at point of care and their impact on coverage and urban-rural coverage inequity in the Gambia.

Introduction: Identifying actionable targets is crucial to improve overall and equity in vaccination coverage, and in line with the global Immunization Agenda 2030. Therefore, this study seeks to assess the prevalence of missed opportunities for simultaneous vaccination (MOSVs) and their impact on vaccination coverage and urban-rural inequity in The Gambia.

Methods: We used data of children aged 12-23 months from The Gambia 2019/2020 demographic and health survey (weighted n = 1355) with seen vaccination cards.

Socioeconomic circumstances, health-related behaviours and paediatric infections: a mediation analysis.

Objective: To examine how the effect of disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances on the risk of paediatric infections is mediated by pregnancy smoking, excess weight during pregnancy and breast feeding in children under 5 years of age.

Design: A population-level, retrospective cohort study. The Swedish Medical Birth Register was combined with the National Patient Register, the longitudinal integration database for health insurance and labour market studies, the Cause of Death Register and a local register held by the Child Health Care Unit in Uppsala Region.