Consumption of Sylimarin, Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Sodium Salt and Myricetin: Effects on Alcohol Levels and Markers of Oxidative Stress-A Pilot Study.

Background: Alcohol abuse is one of the most common causes of mortality worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a treatment in reducing circulating ethanol and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Methods: Twenty wine-drinking subjects were investigated in a randomized controlled, single-blind trial (ClinicalTrials.

Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): Evidences from Laboratory and In-Field Studies.

Intense, long exercise can increase oxidative stress, leading to higher levels of inflammatory mediators and muscle damage. At the same time, fatigue has been suggested as one of the factors giving rise to delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a specific electrical stimulation (ES) treatment (without elicited muscular contraction) on two different scenarios: in the laboratory on eleven healthy volunteers (56.

Oxidative Stress Response Kinetics after 60 Minutes at Different Levels (10% or 15%) of Normobaric Hypoxia Exposure.

In this study, the metabolic responses of hypoxic breathing for 1 h to inspired fractions of 10% and 15% oxygen were investigated. To this end, 14 healthy nonsmoking subjects (6 females and 8 males, age: 32.2 ± 13.

The "ON-OFF" Switching Response of Reactive Oxygen Species in Acute Normobaric Hypoxia: Preliminary Outcome.

Exposure to acute normobaric hypoxia (NH) elicits reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, whose production kinetics and oxidative damage were here investigated. Nine subjects were monitored while breathing an NH mixture (0.125 FO in air, about 4100 m) and during recovery with room air.

Comment on Menzel et al. Common and Novel Markers for Measuring Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Ex Vivo in Research and Clinical Practice-Which to Use Regarding Disease Outcomes? 2021, , 414.

Recently, Menzel A et al. published a review titled "Origin and Physiological Aspects of Oxidative Stress (OS), inflammation and markers of OS, relation to disease and practical aspects" [..

Sulfonate-Conjugated Polyelectrolytes as Anode Interfacial Layers in Inverted Organic Solar Cells.

Conjugated polymers with ionic pendant groups (CPEs) are receiving increasing attention as solution-processed interfacial materials for organic solar cells (OSCs). Various anionic CPEs have been successfully used, on top of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) electrodes, as solution-processed anode interlayers (AILs) for conventional devices with direct geometry. However, the development of CPE AILs for OSC devices with inverted geometry is an important topic that still needs to be addressed.

Effects of acute and sub-acute hypobaric hypoxia on oxidative stress: a field study in the Alps.

Purpose: High altitude results in lower barometric pressure and hence partial pressure of O decrease can lead to several molecular and cellular changes, such as generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Electron Paramagnetic Resonance technique was adopted in the field, to evaluate the effects of acute and sub-acute hypobaric hypoxia (HH) on ROS production by micro-invasive method. Biological biomarkers, indicators of oxidative stress, renal function and inflammation were investigated too.

Acute Effects of Triathlon Race on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers.

The response to strenuous exercise was investigated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative damage, thiol redox status, and inflammation assessments in 32 enrolled triathlon athletes (41.9 ± 7.9 yrs) during Ironman® (IR), or half Ironman® (HIR) competition.

R(+)-Thioctic Acid Effects on Oxidative Stress and Peripheral Neuropathy in Type II Diabetic Patients: Preliminary Results by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Electroneurography.

Objectives: Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes. The idea of alterations in energy metabolism in diabetes is emerging. The biogenic antioxidant R(+)-thioctic acid has been successfully used in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathic (DPN) patients.

Effects of Mountain Ultra-Marathon Running on ROS Production and Oxidative Damage by Micro-Invasive Analytic Techniques.

Purpose: Aiming to gain a detailed insight into the physiological mechanisms involved under extreme conditions, a group of experienced ultra-marathon runners, performing the mountain Tor des Géants® ultra-marathon: 330 km trail-run in Valle d'Aosta, 24000 m of positive and negative elevation changes, was monitored. ROS production rate, antioxidant capacity, oxidative damage and inflammation markers were assessed, adopting micro-invasive analytic techniques.

Methods: Forty-six male athletes (45.

Structural and Nutritional Properties of Pasta from Triticum monococcum and Triticum durum Species. A Combined ¹H NMR, MRI, and Digestibility Study.

The aim of the present study was to characterize the structure of two different types of pasta, namely Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (cv. Saragolla) and Triticum monococcum ssp.

Training effects on ROS production determined by electron paramagnetic resonance in master swimmers.

Acute exercise induces an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production dependent on exercise intensity with highest ROS amount generated by strenuous exercise. However, chronic repetition of exercise, that is, exercise training, may reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 6-weeks high-intensity discontinuous training (HIDT), characterized by repeated variations of intensity and changes of redox potential, on ROS production and antioxidant capacity in sixteen master swimmers.

A quantitative method to monitor reactive oxygen species production by electron paramagnetic resonance in physiological and pathological conditions.

The growing interest in the role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and in the assessment of oxidative stress in health and disease clashes with the lack of consensus on reliable quantitative noninvasive methods applicable. The study aimed at demonstrating that a recently developed Electron Paramagnetic Resonance microinvasive method provides direct evidence of the "instantaneous" presence of ROS returning absolute concentration levels that correlate with "a posteriori" assays of ROS-induced damage by means of biomarkers. The reliability of the choice to measure ROS production rate in human capillary blood rather than in plasma was tested (step I).

Structure-function paradigm in human myoglobin: how a single-residue substitution affects NO reactivity at low pO2.

This work is focused on the two more expressed human myoglobin isoforms. In the literature, their different overexpression in high-altitude natives was proposed to be related to alternative/complementary functions in hypoxia. Interestingly, they differ only at residue-54, lysine or glutamate, which is external and far from the main binding site.

Assessment of a standardized ROS production profile in humans by electron paramagnetic resonance.

Despite the growing interest in the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in health and disease, reliable quantitative noninvasive methods for the assessment of oxidative stress in humans are still lacking. EPR technique, coupled to a specific spin probe (CMH: 1-hydroxy-3-methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine) is here presented as the method of choice to gain a direct measurement of ROS in biological fluids and tissues. The study aimed at demonstrating that, differently from currently available "a posteriori" assays of ROS-induced damage by means of biomolecules (e.

Structural characterization of recombinant human myoglobin isoforms by (1)H and (129)Xe NMR and molecular dynamics simulations.

Myoglobin (Mb), the main cytosolic oxygen storage/deliver protein, is also known to interact with different small ligands exerting other fundamental physiological roles. In Humans up to five different Mb isoforms are present. The two most expressed ones (>90%) differ only at the 54th position, K54 (Mb-I) and E54 (Mb-II) respectively.

A quantitative method to assess muscle tissue oxygenation in vivo by monitoring 1H nuclear magnetic resonance myoglobin resonances.

A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method was implemented to assess in vivo oxygenation levels by a quantitative determination of the 1H NMR myoglobin (Mb) resonances. The proximal His-F8 NdeltaH at 70-90 ppm and Val-E11 gammaCH3 resonance at -2.8 ppm, reflecting deoxygenated (deoxy-Mb) and oxygenated (met-Mb) states, were alternately recorded.

Osmotic and aging effects in caviar oocytes throughout water and lipid changes assessed by 1H NMR T1 and T2 relaxation and MRI.

By combining NMR relaxation spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging techniques, unsalted (us) and salted (s) caviar (Acipenser transmontanus) oocytes were characterized over a storage period of up to 90 days. The aging and the salting effects on the two major cell constituents, water and lipids, were separately assessed. T1 and T2 decays were interpreted by assuming a two-site exchange model.

Monitoring the effects of storage in caviar from farmed Acipenser transmontanus using chemical, SEM, and NMR methods.

The effects of storage at 4 degrees C on the quantity and quality of chemical components in the caviar from farmed Acipenser transmontanus have been analyzed by SEM, chemical methods, and NMR and MRI techniques. Particular attention has been focused on the lipid components, the distribution and mobility of which were strongly affected by the storage time. MRI and relaxation data indicated that lipids are endowed with two different mobility regimes, one slow (short T1) and one fast (long T1), both lengthening with the storage time.

1H NMR spin-spin relaxation and imaging in porous systems: an application to the morphological study of white portland cement during hydration in the presence of organics.

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-spin relaxation and imaging have been applied to investigate white Portland cement pastes during hydration in the absence and in the presence of organic solvents. The main organic solvent investigated was methanol, alone or together with the organic waste 2-chloroaniline (2-CA), an aromatic amine representative of an important class of highly toxic compounds. For all the analysed samples, prepared with a solvent-to-cement ratio of 0.

Temperature and pH dependence of energy balance by (31)P- and (1)H-MRS in anaerobic frog muscle.

The temperature (T)-dependence of energy consumption of resting anaerobic frog gastrocnemii exposed to different, changing electrochemical gradients was assessed. To this aim, the rate of ATP resynthesis (delta approximately P/deltat) was determined by (31)P- and (1)H-MRS as the sum of the rates of PCr hydrolysis (delta[PCr]/deltat) and of anaerobic glycolysis (delta[La]/ deltat, based on a approximately P/La ratio of 1.5).

[Recent time trends of myocardial infarction rates in northern Italy. Results from the MONICA and CAMUNI registries in Brianza: 1993-1994 versus 1997-1998].

Background: Previously reported time trends of myocardial infarction rates in the MONICA Brianza 35-64-year-old population showed a clear decline in coronary heart disease mortality, mostly attributable to concurrent reductions in myocardial infarction attack rates, and to a lesser extent in 28-day case fatality. The aims of this study were to estimate time trends in more recent years (up to 1997-1998) in the same population and in the same age range, and to assess the impact of myocardial infarction among 35-74-year-old residents, an age range never investigated before in Italy using standardized population-based registers.

Methods: The myocardial infarction register in the Brianza population was resumed in 1997-1998, adopting the same standardized methods for data collection and classification of suspect coronary events as the WHO MONICA project, including the age group 65-74 years in addition to age groups usually covered.

Effects of temperature and extracellular pH on metabolites: kinetics of anaerobic metabolism in resting muscle by 31P- and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.

Environmental stress, such as low temperature, extracellular acidosis and anoxia, is known to play a key role in metabolic regulation. The aim of the present study was to gain insight into the combined temperature-pH regulation of metabolic rate in frog muscle, i.e.

Magnetic resonance imaging of molecular transport in living morning glory stems.

MRI was applied to investigate the transport pathways in Morning Glory plant stems. The study was carried out on living plants without affecting their integrity. The architecture of a dicotyledonous plant was deeply characterized: the root system structure and the vascular bundle location were identified, the presence of central voids caused by cell maturation and loss were observed in the stem.