Publications by authors named "Gusho E"
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a critical regulator of the innate immune response acting as a sensor of double-strand DNAs from pathogens or damaged host DNA. Upon activation, cGAS signals through the STING/TBK1/IRF3 pathway to induce interferon expression. Double stranded DNA viruses target the cGAS pathway to facilitate infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is the major risk factor associated with development of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Initial infection by HPVs occurs into basal epithelial cells where viral genomes are established as nuclear episomes and persist until cleared by the immune response. Productive replication or amplification occurs upon differentiation and is dependent upon activation of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), ataxia telangiectasia and RAD3-related (ATR) DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Single-stranded circular RNAs (circRNAs) are more common than previously thought, but most of their functions are still unclear.
- Recent research shows that oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) produce specific circRNAs, like circE7, which includes the E7 oncogene and is involved in cancer progression.
- Disrupting circE7 in cervical cancer cells reduces E7 protein levels and inhibits cell growth, indicating that these virus-derived circRNAs have significant biological roles and contribute to HPV's cancer-causing effects.
OAS-RNase L innate immune pathway mediates the cytotoxicity of a DNA-demethylating drug.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
March 2019
Drugs that reverse epigenetic silencing, such as the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) 5-azacytidine (AZA), have profound effects on transcription and tumor cell survival. AZA is an approved drug for myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia, and is under investigation for different solid malignant tumors. AZA treatment generates self, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), transcribed from hypomethylated repetitive elements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Gait is often impaired in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), but detailed assessment of gait impairment in research and care remains challenging. In a previous pilot study we reported the feasibility of visual perceptive computing (VPC) for gait assessment in PwMS using the Short Maximum Speed Walk (SMSW), which assesses gait on recording distances confined to less than 4 meters.
Objective: To investigate the equivalence of SMSW to rater-based timed 25ft.
Article Synopsis
- Significant progress has been made in understanding RNase L, an interferon-regulated ribonuclease that's crucial for antiviral and antibacterial responses and is linked to hereditary prostate cancer.
- RNase L is activated by specific molecules (2-5A) produced by the body's pathogen recognition receptors (OASs) that detect viral RNA.
- The review focuses on RNase L's role in various cellular pathways, its catalytic functions, and the potential it has as a target for developing new antimicrobial therapies.
Article Synopsis
- Reviewers agree that current dystonia rating scales need to be more comprehensive, leading to the development of a video-based severity ranking system to create a standard for validation without clinical scales.
- In a study with 34 patients and 2 controls, raters assessed videos of movement tasks, achieving strong inter-rater agreement and correlating video rankings with clinical scales, especially for non-tremor patients.
- Findings suggest video rankings may better capture the severity of dystonia, highlighting a possible gap in traditional clinical assessments, particularly in those with tremor symptoms.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients frequently have postural control impairment but quantitative posturography is difficult to perform in clinical care. Recent technology facilitates new posturography approaches.
Objective: To evaluate construct validity of visual perceptive computing (VPC) for static posturography to study postural control in MS patients.
Article Synopsis
- Viral 2',5'-phosphodiesterases (2',5'-PDEs) assist RNA viruses in evading the antiviral effects of interferon (IFN) by degrading 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A), which activates RNase L.
- Mouse AKAP7 has been found to rapidly degrade 2-5A similarly to viral 2',5'-PDEs, suggesting it could substitute for these viral proteins in certain contexts.
- The study implies that the acquisition of AKAP7's PDE domain by viruses during evolution may help them combat the RNase L pathway, influencing viral pathogenesis and replication in host organisms.
The drusen of the optic nerve head is a relative rare occurrence in ophthalmologic practice, but it induce more or less important functional alterations. In this issue we present some characteristics of visual field impairment present at the patients with drusen of optic nerve head.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To evaluate the technical particularities of phacoemulsification and the intraoperative complications in posterior polar cataract.
Material And Methods: Prospective study which comprises 10 eyes with posterior polar cataract (8 patients), operated on between May 2001 and April 2004 in the ophthalmology department of the Military Hospital Cluj-Napoca, by the same surgeon. Phacoemulsification with low parameters was performed in all cases, and acrylic and PMMA intraocular lenses were implanted in 9 eyes.
Unlabelled: The purpose of this study is to estimate the technical difficulties and the intraoperative complications which appear in patients with high myopia who had been operated on cataract through phacoemulsification technique; to establish the IOL refractive power and to estimate the functional results at 45 days postoperative.
Material And Method: We performed a study on 44 eyes with high myopia and cataract operated in the Emergency Military Hospital from Cluj-Napoca during 15th of January -15th of June 2003. We analyzed the patients' age, the technical difficulties and intraoperative complications, the IOLs choosing and the functional results.
Introduction: Although the IOL implantation was used initially just for cataract surgery, in the last period IOLs are used in treating myopia more than -12D and hyperopia more than +4D, in phakic eyes, when the indications of excimer laser are limited.
Observation: We present the case of a 40 years old patient with the diagnosis: biphakia, complicated cataract and high myopia in both eyes. VA-RE = 2/50 cc, VA-LE = 3/50 cc, IOP-RE:15 mmHg, IOP-LE:16 mmHg.
Purpose: The study presents the technical difficulties of the capsulorhexis and phacoemulsification in the white, intumescent cataract and the incidences occurred during the foldable IOL implantation with the Monarch II injector.
Methods: The clinical study comprises a number of 70 eyes with white intumescent cataract operated during 15 January-15 December 2003 by the same surgeon. The surgical intervention consisted of lens extraction by phacoemulsification with clear corneal incision, using the Monarch II injector for the foldable IOL implantation.