Increased incidence of post-operative respiratory failure in patients with pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: While studies have reported increased post-operative pulmonary complications with SARS-CoV-2 infection, many are limited by use of historical controls or focus on less severe respiratory complications. We characterized the association between pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 infection and post-operative respiratory failure (PORF).

Design And Setting: This was a single center retrospective cohort study in New York City between March 14-June 14, 2020.

A novel accessory muscle in the flexor compartment of anterior forearm inserting into the tenosynovium of the flexor pollicis longus.

A common variant of accessory muscles in the anterior forearm is the Gantzer's muscle (GM). GM arises as a muscle belly from flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) or ulnar coronoid process to merge distally with the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) muscle. In the present case report, we describe a novel accessory muscle in the flexor compartment of the forearm.

A role for prostaglandins in rapid cycling suggested by episode-specific gene expression shifts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a preliminary report.

Objectives: Over 12% of patients with bipolar disorder exhibit rapid cycling. The underlying biological mechanisms of this extreme form of bipolar disease are still unknown. This study aimed at replicating and extending findings of our previously published case report, where an involvement of prostaglandin synthesis-related genes in rapid cycling was first proposed.

Spatiotemporal structure of a laser beam at a path length of 144 km: comparative analysis of spatial and temporal spectra.

We present an analysis of spatial and temporal spectra of the observations of scintillations in a laser beam (532 nm, ∼200  mW power) traveling along a 144 km path at an altitude of 2-2.4 km above sea level, just above the atmospheric boundary layer, between the islands of La Palma and Tenerife. The observations were performed during nighttime on July 18 and 21, 2011, by means of a telescope with an aperture diameter of 1 m.

Neuropsychiatric disease relevance of circulating anti-NMDA receptor autoantibodies depends on blood-brain barrier integrity.

In 2007, a multifaceted syndrome, associated with anti-NMDA receptor autoantibodies (NMDAR-AB) of immunoglobulin-G isotype, has been described, which variably consists of psychosis, epilepsy, cognitive decline and extrapyramidal symptoms. Prevalence and significance of NMDAR-AB in complex neuropsychiatric disease versus health, however, have remained unclear. We tested sera of 2817 subjects (1325 healthy, 1081 schizophrenic, 263 Parkinson and 148 affective-disorder subjects) for presence of NMDAR-AB, conducted a genome-wide genetic association study, comparing AB carriers versus non-carriers, and assessed their influenza AB status.

Monogenic heritable autism gene neuroligin impacts Drosophila social behaviour.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by deficits in social interactions, language development and repetitive behaviours. Multiple genes involved in the formation, specification and maintenance of synapses have been identified as risk factors for ASDs development. Among these are the neuroligin genes which code for postsynaptic cell adhesion molecules that induce the formation of presynapses, promote their maturation and modulate synaptic functions in both vertebrates and invertebrates.

Genetic markers of a Munc13 protein family member, BAIAP3, are gender specifically associated with anxiety and benzodiazepine abuse in mice and humans.

Anxiety disorders and substance abuse, including benzodiazepine use disorder, frequently occur together. Unfortunately, treatment of anxiety disorders still includes benzodiazepines, and patients with an existing comorbid benzodiazepine use disorder or a genetic susceptibility for benzodiazepine use disorder may be at risk of adverse treatment outcomes. The identification of genetic predictors for anxiety disorders, and especially for benzodiazepine use disorder, could aid the selection of the best treatment option and improve clinical outcomes.

Spatiotemporal structure of a laser beam over 144 km in a Canary Islands experiment.

We analyzed the observations of scintillations in a laser beam (532 nm, ~200 mW power) traveling along a 144 km path at an altitude of 2.2-2.4 km above sea level, just above the atmospheric boundary layer, between the islands of La Palma and Tenerife.

A myelin gene causative of a catatonia-depression syndrome upon aging.

Severe mental illnesses have been linked to white matter abnormalities, documented by postmortem studies. However, cause and effect have remained difficult to distinguish. CNP (2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase) is among the oligodendrocyte/myelin-associated genes most robustly reduced on mRNA and protein level in brains of schizophrenic, bipolar or major depressive patients.

Chromatic Refraction with Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars. II. Statistical Properties of Scintillations.

The statistical properties of stellar scintillations are discussed with special attention to correcting the atmospheric transmittance data for scintillations in measurements made with the Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) instrument. Both anisotropic and isotropic turbulent inhomogeneities are taken into account. Calculated rms scintillation reaches several percent for altitudes of 30-35 km, an amplitude comparable with the expected absorbing features.

Chromatic refraction with global ozone monitoring by occultation of stars. I. Description and scintillation correction.

We describe refractive and chromatic effects, both regular and random, that occur during star occultations by the Earth's atmosphere. The scintillation that results from random density fluctuations, as well as the consequences of regular chromatic refraction, is qualitatively described. The resultant chromatic scintillation will produce random features on the Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) spectrometer, with an amplitude comparable with that of some of the real absorbing features that result from atmospheric constituents.

[The delayed effects of systemic circulatory arrest on the free-radical processes in the brain structures of rats with different types of behavior in the emotional resonance test].

Male Wistar rats with different types of behavior in "emotional resonance" test ("active" and "passive") were studied one week after the global ischemia induced by cardiac arrest. Recovery of some physiological functions as well as free-radical-mediated processes and NO-synthase activity were studied in cerebral structures and blood serum. The "open-field" behavior normalized more rapidly in the "active" rats than in the "passive" ones, though the time course of the neurologic deficit compensation did not differ in these groups.

[Effects of active behavior in the postresuscitation period on the functional and morphological characteristics of the brain].

Efficacy of prolonged (days 10-60 after resuscitation) regular activation of behavior by labyrinth training of 4-staged food search conditioned reflex is studied in rats subjected to 15-min circulation arrest. This training affected the function of the central nervous system, which manifested by decreased anxiety and a higher activity in the open field test. This functional exercise prevented fall-out of neurons in the fifth layer of hemispheres, of cerebellar Purkinje's cells, and of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal sector CA1.

[The effect of succinic acid on postresuscitation pathology of the CNS and of the body as a whole].

The effect of oral succinic acid was studied in rats exposed to 10-min heart arrest followed by resuscitation. The drug was administered for 5 days in a dose of 30 mg/kg starting from day 3 up to day 7 after resuscitation. Succinic acid was found to normalize the orientation and exploration behavior of rats in the "open field" test, decreased the intensity of response to stress (electric shock), and normalized the radical formation in the brain tissue and blood serum, thus reducing the morphological changes in the brain.

Phosphors for luminescent image plates.

This is a review of the properties of some photostimulable phosphors for luminescent image plates as applied to digital radiography. In particular, the properties of BaFBr:Eu and other barium fluorohalides that are useful for this application are considered. The main emphasis of the review is on the effect of the preparative conditions and the origin of the photostimulated luminescence and its features under VUV excitation.

[Delayed postresuscitation degenerative changes in the brain and ways of studying their pathogenesis].

Experiments with rats resuscitated after clinical death compatible with a complete and relatively rapid recovery of the neurologic status proved that prolonged (a follow-up of up to 9 months) and varying in time changes in a number of parameters of the higher nervous activity and behaviour occur in the postresuscitation period. Postresuscitation changes in behaviour correlate with the data on the degenerative changes in a number of cerebral structures of resuscitated rats progressing over 9 to 12 months. The available data of functional and morphological studies indicate the possibility of development of latent slowly progressing degenerative changes in the CNS of the organisms surviving clinical death and resuscitation.

[Effects of sodium succinate on functional, biochemical and morphological indicators of CNS repair in rats after 10-minute circulation arrest].

Therapeutic effect of sodium succinate on various functional, biochemical, and morphological parameters of CNS repair was studied in experiments on rats exposed to 10-min circulation arrest. The first series of experiments was devoted to studies of the effects of the drug, injected intraperitoneally directly after recovery of effective cardiac activity and during the subsequent 5 days in doses 20, 100, and 200 mg/kg, on the survival and recovery of the external neurologic status. The dose of 20 mg/kg proved to be the most effective.

[Various delayed forms of postresuscitation pathology of the autonomic nervous system].

In rats which had sustained clinical death and resuscitation, which were compatible with apparent complete recovery of the neurological status, responsiveness of the autonomic nervous system was studied from the changes occurred in blood pressure, heart and respiration rates within 2 hours of restrictive exercise at some stages of the late postresuscitation period--1.5-2, 3.5, and 4.

[Effect of the tranquilizer gidazepam on the behavioral reactions of rats in the first weeks after resuscitation].

The experiments have indicated that the first week of postresuscitation is marked by enhanced goal-investigating behaviour in the open field, by the accelerated learning of an operant reflex, and by decreased anxiety in the conflict situation test in male rats undergone a 10-min arrest of systemic circulation. There was a depressive behavior in the open field following 6-8 weeks with the normalization of operant reflex learning and the level of anxiety in the conflict test situation. Gidazepam (3 mg/kg, i.

[The neurology of terminal states].

The paper gives a theoretical justification of CNS abnormality developing in patients who have a history of critical and terminal states, including clinical death. The most significant abnormality is that which is termed posthypoxic and/or postresuscitation encephalopathies whose nature has not been elucidated particularly at the cellular and molecular levels. It is emphasized that this involves brain abnormalities, which is a sequela of hypoxia or ischemia of systemic origin, rather than primary brain damages.

The dynamic of thermal fields of the brain of rats in the late post-resuscitation period under stress.

The temperature topography of the cerebral cortex of rats following clinical death and resuscitation was investigated with the technique of thermoencephaloscopy. Complete restoration of the neurological status of the animals was achieved over the course of one to two days. Marked disturbances in the background thermal maps and the thermal reactions of the cerebral hemispheres induced by a stressor were identified in the remote post-resuscitation period (up to two months).

[Changes in the glial condition in different sections of the rat brain after stopping the systemic circulation].

The effect of ischemia on the expression of GFAP in astrocytes of cerebrum, hippocampus and cerebellum was studied on rat clinical death model. Cardiac arrest was induced by 10-or 15-min intrathoracic compression of the heart vascular bundle. Immunohistochemical staining showed that GFAP immunoreactivity significantly increased in the white matter, and GFAP-expressing astrocytes appeared in the gray matter.

Use of polarization in interferometry after double passage through turbulence.

We report what are to our knowledge the first experimental results of coherence enhancement that use polarization to separate coherent and incoherent paths.