Publications by authors named "Guruprasad P"
Introduction: Dermoscopy is an important noninvasive tool that helps to determine the stability and activity of vitiligo. Various dermoscopic findings help classify the disease as stable or unstable. This is important for the management of the disease, as surgical management requires disease stability.
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- Many patients treated with FDA-approved CAR T cells see their disease progress, especially with solid cancers and certain types of blood cancers like T cell lymphomas.
- A major challenge in adoptive T cell therapies is the dysfunction of CAR T cells, which struggle to expand and last after being infused.
- The study reveals that knocking out the CD5 gene using CRISPR-Cas9 can improve the antitumor abilities of CAR T cells by enhancing their function and persistence, suggesting CD5 as a key target for improving T cell therapies.
A Comparative Study on Serum Levels of "Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin" Between Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris and Healthy Individuals: A Case-Control Study.
Indian Dermatol Online J
April 2024
Background: Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a cytokine initially implicated to be associated with allergic disorders inducing Th2 response. Emerging studies have shown that TSLP is also involved in autoimmune diseases. In psoriasis, TSLP acts in synergy with T cell-derived CD40L to promote the release of IL-23 from dendritic cells.
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- - The study identifies the interaction between BTLA on T cells and HVEM on regulatory T cells as a major factor limiting the effectiveness of T cell-based immunotherapies in tumors.
- - High levels of BTLA in CAR T cells are linked to poorer treatment outcomes, prompting researchers to delete BTLA to improve the T cells' tumor-fighting abilities.
- - By removing BTLA, T cells show enhanced signaling and function, suggesting that targeting the BTLA-HVEM interaction could boost the success of CAR T cell therapies.
Article Synopsis
- This study focuses on the need for efficient and cost-effective methods to measure important characteristics of CAR T cells during their manufacturing process, as the popularity of these therapies is rising.
- Researchers compared a new device called the Moxi GO II with established devices, the Multisizer Coulter Counter and BD LSRFortessa, to evaluate cell number, size, viability, and basic features of CAR T cells.
- Findings show that the Moxi GO II can accurately provide these measurements and is comparable to the gold standard instruments, making it a promising tool for monitoring CAR T-cell characteristics in both research and clinical settings.
Article Synopsis
- - Researchers hypothesized that developing a novel anti-CD19 scFv, h1218, could improve the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapies for patients with relapsed B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, addressing issues linked to the commonly used FMC63 variant.
- - The new h1218-CART19 product demonstrated superior performance in preclinical studies, effectively targeting lymphoma cells that had developed resistance to FMC63 and showing enhanced anti-cancer activity due to reduced cell death and better cell expansion.
- - A phase I clinical trial was initiated to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of h1218-CART19 in patients with relapsed or refractory NHL, building on promising preclinical findings.
Classical approaches to enhance auxeticity quite often involve exploring or designing newer architectures. In this work, simple geometrical features at the member level are engineered to exploit non-classical nonlinearities and improve the auxetic behaviour. The structural elements of the auxetic unit cell are here represented by thin strip-like beams, or thin-walled tubular beams.
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- Immunotherapy has changed the landscape of cancer treatment, with methods like immune checkpoint blockade and T-cell transfer showing great success in fighting various cancer types.
- A major challenge is that cancer cells often resist apoptosis (programmed cell death), making them harder to eliminate; improving their susceptibility to apoptosis is crucial for effective treatment.
- The review highlights current strategies to enhance T-cell therapies by increasing cancer cell apoptosis sensitivity while also addressing how apoptosis affects the survival of T-cells in the tumor environment.
Article Synopsis
- Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART) immunotherapy shows promise for treating B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but around two-thirds of patients do not respond effectively.
- A study found that chromosomal alterations in the BCL-2 gene, which helps cancer cells resist apoptosis, are linked to decreased survival rates in patients treated with anti-CD19 CART.
- To improve efficacy, researchers created venetoclax-resistant CART cells by modifying BCL-2 and found that this approach, combined with venetoclax, enhanced anti-tumor activity, suggesting new strategies for improving CART therapy in resistant lymphoma cases.
Article Synopsis
- Immunotherapies like immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer have greatly improved cancer treatment but understanding tumor resistance remains challenging.
- New technologies, particularly single-cell RNA sequencing, are providing detailed insights into the tumor microenvironment and immune system that traditional bulk genomics can't capture.
- This technique has identified important factors and cell types that influence tumor behavior, paving the way for the development of more effective immunotherapies in the future.
Context: Noncompliance with thyroxine therapy is the most common cause of poor control of hypothyroidism. An open-label prospective study to compare once-weekly thyroxine (OWT) with standard daily thyroxine (SDT) was undertaken.
Design: Patients taking thyroxine doses of >3 μg/kg/d, with or without normalization of TSH, were included and administered directly observed OWT or nonobserved SDT according to patient preference based on their weight for 6 weeks.
Investigating individual red blood cells (RBCs) is critical to understanding hematologic diseases, as pathology often originates at the single-cell level. Many RBC disorders manifest in altered biophysical properties, such as deformability of RBCs. Due to limitations in current biophysical assays, there exists a need for high-throughput analysis of RBC deformability with single-cell resolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors are attractive agents to be used in the elderly patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) because of their beneficial effects.
Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, we evaluated and compared the treatment satisfaction using Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) in two groups (i.e.
Aim: Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease patients. Renal transplant recipients, however, have to be on lifelong therapy with immunosuppressants, which are associated with a number of adverse events (AEs). The safety profile of these immunosuppressants is not clear with respect to the Indian population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Statins are the most widely used agents for the treatment of dyslipidaemias in geriatric patients. Muscle-related adverse effects (MRAE) are one of the most common toxicities of statins. Female gender has been mentioned as the risk factor for the development of MRAE of statins; however, there are inconclusive data regarding the difference in the occurrence of MRAE among male and female geriatric users.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutral filter elution assay is one of the methods used for detection of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). However, it is laborious, expensive, and hazardous (radiolabeled precursors for DSB detection and scintillation counter for quantification), making it a less preferred method for DSB detection. In the present study, an attempt was made to improve the existing neutral filter elution assay by making use of fluorescent dye (PicoGreen) and microfiltration assembly for eluting the fragmented DNA, thereby reducing the cost and time required for the assay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConfluent and reticulated papillomatosis: successful treatment with minocycline.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol
October 2011
Homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta synthase deficiency.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol
February 2009
A two year-old male child presented with cutis marmorata congenita universalis, brittle hair, mild mental retardation, and finger spasms. Biochemical findings include increased levels of homocysteine in the blood-106.62 micromol/L (normal levels: 5.
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