Investigating protein C and S levels in pregnant women with recurrent early pregnancy loss normal pregnancy.

Miscarriage in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy is very common, and coagulopathy can be a contributing factor. Protein C and S deficiency are rare, inherited disorders that can increase the risk of thrombophilia. Women with these deficiencies have a higher risk of developing blood clots in the placenta, which can lead to placental insufficiency and, ultimately, to a miscarriage.

Combined lower segment cesarean section and cholecystectomy in single sitting-our initial experience.

Objective: To study feasibility and results of cholecystectomy at the time of cesarean section.

Material And Methods: Thirty-two patients were subjected to cholecystectomy at cesarean section. Most of them were diagnosed with cholelithiasis at or before the first antenatal scan.