Retinal Vascular Changes in Vitiligo: A Novel Approach Using OCTA.

Purpose: This study aimed to the detect of structural and functional changes in the retina and choroid in patients with vitiligo using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients with vitiligo and 30 healthy participants were enrolled in the study. Central macular thickness (CMT), retina nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, choroidal thickness (CT), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and superficial and deep vascular density (VD) ratios were compared between the groups.

The assessment of structural and functional test results for early detection of hydroxychloroquine macular toxicity.

Purpose: To assess structural (optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence) and functional (contrast sensitivity and visual field) test results which were used for detecting early retinal changes in patients using oral hydroxychloroquine.

Methods: Patients using oral hydroxychloroquine for at least one year were divided into two groups according to the duration of drug use. Groups 1 and 2 consisted of patients with drug use for more than 5 years and 1-5 years, respectively.

Demographic, Etiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Eyelid Lacerations.

Objectives: To evaluate the demographic, etiological, and accompanying clinical factors in eyelid lacerations (EL).

Materials And Methods: The records of patients who presented to our clinic between 2018 and 2022 with eyelid trauma were retrospectively reviewed. Age, gender, cause of injury, clinical findings, accompanying ocular findings, and additional complications were analyzed.

Systemic Inflammatory Marker Levels in Serous Macular Detachment Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion.

Purpose: To evaluate the association of systemic inflammatory marker levels in macular edema with serous macular detachment (SMD) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: Patients diagnosed with RVO were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of SMD: Group 1 included 30 eyes with SMD, while Group 2 included 30 eyes without SMD. Levels of neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, thrombocytes, and mean platelet volume (MPV) were analyzed.

Retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thickness in diabetic smokers without diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To compare the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) in smoker and nonsmoker diabetics without diabetic retinopathy.

Materials And Methods: Patients with diabetes were divided into two groups according to their smoking status: Group 1 consisted of 38 smoker diabetics who had chronically smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day for more than five years; Group 2 consisted of 38 nonsmoker diabetics. After a detailed ophthalmologic examination, the mean and regional (superior, supratemporal, inferior, inferotemporal, temporal, nasal, superonasal, and inferonasal) RNFL and GC-IPL thicknesses were measured with spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and compared between groups.

Characteristics of pediatric traumatic cataract and factors affecting visual outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, surgical approach and visual results in pediatric traumatic cataract.

Material And Methods: Data of pediatric and adult traumatic cataract patients were retrospectively analyzed. Age, gender, cause and zone of trauma, additional clinical findings, initial and final visual acuity (VA) were analyzed and compared between groups.

Acute angle-closure glaucoma concurrent with COVID 19 infection; case report.

Introduction: To report three cases that developed acute angle-closure glaucoma on the background of hyponatremia due to COVID 19 infection.

Methods: Data of patients with positive PCR result for COVID 19 infection and concurrent findings of acute angle-closure glaucoma were analysed retrospectively.

Results: The common characteristic of all cases was positive PCR test for COVID 19 infection taken from the nasopharyngeal swab 4 or 5 days ago.

Serum inflammatory marker levels in serous macular detachment secondary to diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To evaluate the serum inflammatory marker levels in serous macular detachment (SMD) secondary to diabetic macular edema (DME).

Material And Methods: Patients with DME were divided into two groups according to the presence of SMD. Group 1 consisted of 40 patients with SMD, Group 2 consisted of 40 patients without SMD, and Group 3 consisted of 40 healthy subjects.

The effect of pterygium surgery on intraocular lens power and ocular biometric parameters.

Aims: To evaluate the effect of pterygium surgery on intraocular lens (IOL) power and ocular biometric parameters and to evaluate the factors affecting these parameters.

Methods: Twenty-eight eyes of 25 patients diagnosed with pterygium were evaluated. Axial length (AL), mean keratometry (Sim K), K1, K2, anterior chamber depth (ACD), corneal astigmatism, and ocular biometry parameters were obtained with a dual Scheimpflug analyzer.

Does pterygium morphology affect corneal astigmatism?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between corneal astigmatism and the morphology of pterygium with anterior segment optic coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Material And Methods: The size of pterygium (horizontal length, vertical width) was measured manually; pterygium area and percentage extension of the pterygium onto the cornea were calculated. Anterior and posterior corneal astigmatism, Sim K, K1, K2 were measured using a dual Scheimpflug analyzer.

Effects of glaucoma and central corneal thickness on optic nerve head biomechanics.

Purpose: To evaluate effects of glaucoma and central corneal thickness (CCT) on optic nerve head biomechanics.

Methods: Four groups were formed according to CCT measurements and the presence of glaucoma. Glaucomatous patients with thin (< 510 µ) and thick (> 570 µ) corneas composed groups 1 and 3, respectively.

Outcomes of the Ophthalmic Examinations in Patients Infected by SARS-CoV-2.

: To evaluate ophthalmic examination results which were performed with slit-lamp biomicroscope, in patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.: In the present study, 50 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, were enrolled. Ophthalmic examination with slit-lamp biomicroscopy was performed and the results were evaluated.

Evaluation of Conjunctival Swab PCR Results in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Purpose: The study objective was to identify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in conjunctival swabs from patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: Forty patients who tested positive by real-time reverse transcription (rRT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were enrolled. Conjunctival swabbing was used to collect the tear and conjunctival secretions of patients.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Retinal Artery Occlusion.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) ratios in patients with retinal artery occlusion (RAO) with those from a healthy control population and to identify the relationship between them.

Methods: Forty-six patients with RAO and fifty-one healthy control subjects were included in this retrospective case-control study. RAO was diagnosed following an ophthalmic examination and fluorescein angiography (FA).

Delirium due to the use of topical cyclopentolate hydrochloride.

Introduction - Our aim is to present a rare case where a child had delirium manifestation after instillation of cyclopentolate. Case presentation - A 7-year old patient was seen in our outpatient clinic, and cyclopentolate was dropped three times at 10 minutes intervals in both eyes. The patient suddenly developed behavioral disorders along with gait disturbance, and complained of visual hallucinations 20-25 minutes after the last drop.

Efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in persistent diabetic macular edema after primary treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency and possible complications of intravitreal dexamethasone (IVD) implant in diabetic macular edema (DME) resistant to treatment of three consecutive intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injections.

Methods: Fifty eyes of 38 patients were considered in this study. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and values of intraocular pressure (IOP) were examined preoperatively and postoperatively in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th months of IVD implantation.

CORRELATIONS between Functional and Structural Tests Measured by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Severe Glaucoma.

: To evaluate the relationship between visual acuity, visual field and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters, including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell-internal plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thicknesses, and optic nerve head parameters in patients with severe glaucoma. : Patients with the diagnosis of severe glaucoma were recruited from the data gathered at our glaucoma department. A detailed ophthalmic examination was performed using the Standard Automated Perimetry (the 30-2 SITA standard program was used for VF testing).

Evaluation of fundus autofluorescence ımaging of diabetic patients without retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of fundus autofluorescence imaging of diabetic patients without retinopathy to investigate early retinal damage.

Methods: Fundus autofluorescence images of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without retinopathy (diabetic group) and age-sex matched healthy patients (control group) were recorded with a CX-1 digital mydriatic retinal camera after detailed ophthalmologic examinations. MATLAB 2013a software was used to measure the average pixel intensity and average curve width of the macula and fovea.

Correlation of the aqueous humor total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status, and levels of IL-6 and VEGF with diabetic retinopathy status.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the aqueous humor total oxidant status, total antioxidant capacity, and levels of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor between patients with diabetic retinopathy and controls and to correlate these levels with the DR status.

Methods: Patients who underwent cataract surgery were enrolled. The first group (control group) comprised patients without diabetes; the second group comprised diabetic patients without retinopathy; the third group comprised patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; and the fourth group comprised patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Evaluation of Anterior Segment Parameters in Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma, Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma, and Healthy Eyes.

Objectives: To evaluate anterior segment parameters measured by dual Scheimpflug corneal topography in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG), primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), and healthy eyes.

Materials And Methods: One hundred forty-three eyes of 86 patients were included in this study. Forty-seven eyes of 38 patients with PEXG, 30 eyes of 15 patients with PACG, and 66 eyes of 33 healthy subjects were evaluated.

Bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma induced by duloxetine.

Introduction - To present a rare case of bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma secondary to duloxetine administered for the treatment of depression. Case presentation - A 46 year old woman developed bilateral closed angle glaucoma after 15 days of duloxetine usage. Intraocular pressures (IOP) were 52 and 55 mm Hg in right and left eyes respectively, with shallow anterior chamber and angle closure on gonioscopy.

Factors influencing stereopsis in patients with both refractive accommodative esotropia and amblyopia.

Purpose: Potential factors influencing stereopsis were investigated in patients with both refractive accommodative esotropia (RAE) and amblyopia.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to find out all patients with the diagnosis of both RAE and amblyopia. Patients are classified into two groups: group 1 (with stereopsis) and group 2 (without stereopsis).

Central corneal epithelial thickness changes after half-moon supracapsular nucleofractis phacoemulsification technique.

Purpose: To find out the effect of half-moon supracapsular nucleofractis technique on central corneal epithelial thickness (CET) measured by spectral domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery by the same surgeon with the same technique were recruited in this study. The effective phaco time (EPT) was recorded in each surgery.

Effect of cataract surgery on subfoveal choroidal and ganglion cell complex thicknesses measured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect of cataract surgery on subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, as measured by enhanced depth imaging-optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: This prospective study included 30 eyes of 30 patients who had undergone uneventful phacoemulsification surgery for senile cataract but had no previous ocular surgery or other ocular abnormality. Best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure, axial length, and central corneal thickness were measured preoperatively.