Outcome of Upfront Surgically Resected Patients of Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Factors Affecting it: Experience from Tertiary Care Facility in North India.

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is the most aggressive subsite among oral cancers. The poor survival rate has been primarily attributed to high loco-regional recurrence. Two recent developments viz.

Performance of Different Saccharomyces Strains on Secondary Fermentation during the Production of Beer.

Bottle conditioning of beer is an additional fermentation step where yeast and fermentable extract are added to the beer for carbonation. During this process, yeast must overcome environmental stresses to ensure sufficient fermentation in the bottle. Additionally, the yeast must be able to survive for a prolonged time, as a decline in viability will lead to alterations in the product.

Identification of Presurgical Risk Factors for the Development of Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Adults: A Comprehensive Umbrella Review.

Purpose: Risk factors for the development of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) have been reported in primary studies and an increasing number of reviews. The objective of this umbrella review was to compile and understand the published presurgical risk factors associated with the development of CPSP for various surgery types.

Methods: Six databases were searched from January 2000 to June 2023 to identify meta-analyses, scoping studies, and systematic reviews investigating presurgical CPSP predictors in adult patients.

Characterization of prefusion-F-specific antibodies elicited by natural infection with human metapneumovirus.

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a major cause of acute respiratory infections in infants and older adults, for which no vaccines or therapeutics are available. The viral fusion (F) glycoprotein is required for entry and is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies; however, little is known about the humoral immune response generated from natural infection. Here, using prefusion-stabilized F proteins to interrogate memory B cells from two older adults, we obtain over 700 paired non-IgM antibody sequences representing 563 clonotypes, indicative of a highly polyclonal response.

Evaluating program planning using an equity framework.

To plan for an expansion of healthcare services in newly developed neighbourhoods, a planning initiative was conducted to better understand the needs of the population. Ensuring equity of care was identified as a priority for this initiative. To evaluate how closely the planning adhered to the principles of health equity, we applied Ontario Health's Equity, Inclusion, Diversity, and Anti-Racism Framework to determine which areas of action were successfully addressed, and which areas of action require further focus.

Prognostic factor for recurrence in esophagus cancer patients who underwent surgery for curative intent: A single-institution analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze predisposing factors for a higher risk of recurrence in esophageal cancer patient who underwent surgery for curative intent and to do survival analysis of prognostic factors.

Materials And Methods: Between February 2018 and March 2020, we retrospectively identified 28 cases staged T1b to T4a managed electively at our institute as per multidisciplinary management plan. Demographic, clinical, radiological, operative, histopathological parameters, upfront surgery done or not, type of preoperative, and adjuvant treatment used and whether neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy was planned along with waiting time for surgery, were assessed as potential risk factors.

Short Term Outcomes of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery During Covid-19 Pandemic: Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Care Centre in North India.

With the entire world in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic, several health care facilities have stopped or delayed performing elective surgeries in order to cater to ever increasing number of COVID-19 patients. Moreover, there were initial reports of poor surgical outcomes in patients who underwent surgery and were found to be positive for COVID-19 infection in post-operative period. In this study, we have evaluated the short-term outcomes of head and neck oncology patients operated in our institute following a strict screening protocol and conducting COVID-19 testing by Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction once the test was available.

Deletion of immune evasion genes provides an effective vaccine design for tumor-associated herpesviruses.

Vaccines based on live attenuated viruses often induce broad, multifaceted immune responses. However, they also usually sacrifice immunogenicity for attenuation. It is particularly difficult to elicit an effective vaccine for herpesviruses due to an armament of immune evasion genes and a latent phase.

Genome-wide identification of interferon-sensitive mutations enables influenza vaccine design.

In conventional attenuated viral vaccines, immunogenicity is often suboptimal. Here we present a systematic approach for vaccine development that eliminates interferon (IFN)-modulating functions genome-wide while maintaining virus replication fitness. We applied a quantitative high-throughput genomics system to influenza A virus that simultaneously measured the replication fitness and IFN sensitivity of mutations across the entire genome.

Systematic identification of anti-interferon function on hepatitis C virus genome reveals p7 as an immune evasion protein.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) encodes mechanisms to evade the multilayered antiviral actions of the host immune system. Great progress has been made in elucidating the strategies HCV employs to down-regulate interferon (IFN) production, impede IFN signaling transduction, and impair IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression. However, there is a limited understanding of the mechanisms governing how viral proteins counteract the antiviral functions of downstream IFN effectors due to the lack of an efficient approach to identify such interactions systematically.

Limiting Cholesterol Biosynthetic Flux Spontaneously Engages Type I IFN Signaling.

Cellular lipid requirements are achieved through a combination of biosynthesis and import programs. Using isotope tracer analysis, we show that type I interferon (IFN) signaling shifts the balance of these programs by decreasing synthesis and increasing import of cholesterol and long chain fatty acids. Genetically enforcing this metabolic shift in macrophages is sufficient to render mice resistant to viral challenge, demonstrating the importance of reprogramming the balance of these two metabolic pathways in vivo.

Effects of methoprene, a juvenile hormone analog, on survival of various developmental stages, adult emergence, reproduction and behavior of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama.

Background: The Asian citrus citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, transmits a bacterium that causes huanglongbing in citrus. Frequent and repeated use of neurotoxic insecticides against D. citri has resulted in the development of insecticide resistance.

Attraction of the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus, to avocado, lychee, and essential oil Lures.

The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, is an exotic wood-boring insect that vectors the mycopathogen responsible for laurel wilt, a lethal vascular disease of trees in the Lauraceae. High mortality has occurred in native Persea species in the southeastern U.S.