A novel radiological score to assess lung fluid content during evolving acute heart failure in the course of acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Monitoring of lung fluid content (LFC) in order to predict acute heart failure (AHF) during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an unmet challenge.

Aim: To evaluate in AMI patients the ability of proposed radiological score (RS), which is the sum of selected radiological signs of congestion, to reflect correctly LFC, as assessed with repeat physical examinations and lung impedance (LI) measurements.

Methods: Chest X-rays were taken at baseline, when rales were detected, whenever indicated, and at conclusion of monitoring.

Coulomb microexplosions of ferroelectric ceramics.

Energetic neutral and extreme ultraviolet emission initiated by the dense plasma propagation along a ferroelectric surface has been found. It was shown that the emission of neutrals is characterized by a large divergence and velocities up to 7 x 10(7) cm/s. This phenomenon is explained by an extremely large electric field with amplitude > or =10(6) V/cm and rise time approximately 10(-10) s which appears at the plasma front due to the fast fall in the driving pulse.

Semianalytical solution of the problem of converging shock waves.

An approach to the determination of the self-similarity parameter in the problem of converging strong shock waves is suggested. This approach allows one to obtain analytical expressions that approximate the numerical solution. For adiabatic constants gamma = 6/5-7, the values of the obtained self-similarity parameter differ by <1% from the values determined by the numerical procedure.

Generation of sub-Mbar pressure by converging shock waves produced by the underwater electrical explosion of a wire array.

We report a demonstration of a generation of sub-Mbar pressure on the axis of the implosion wave produced by an underwater electrical explosion of a cylindrical wire array. The array was exploded by microsecond time scale discharge of a capacitor bank having a stored energy of 4.5 kJ and discharge current amplitude of up to 90 kA.

Strongly coupled copper plasma generated by underwater electrical wire explosion.

A number of theoretical approaches to the analysis of the parameters of a discharge channel consisting of strongly coupled plasma generated in the process of underwater electrical wire explosion are presented. The analysis is based on experimental results obtained from discharges employing Cu wire. The obtained experimental data included electrical measurements and optical observations from which information about the dynamics of the water flow was extrapolated.

Simplified model of underwater electrical discharge.

A model of the underwater discharge with initiating wire is presented. The model reveals the nature of similarity parameters which have been phenomenologically introduced in earlier experimental research in order to predict behavior of different discharges. It is shown that these parameters naturally appear as a result of the normalization of differential equations, which determines the process of underwater wire initiated discharge.