A simple method to isolate fatty acids and fatty alcohols from wax esters in a wax-ester rich marine oil.

Calanus finmarchicus is one of the most important zooplankton species in the North Atlantic. The zooplankton is currently being harvested and industrially processed to a marine oil product for human consumption as a marine nutraceutical containing long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. This oil is very rich in wax esters, a lipid class where fatty acids are esterified to long chain fatty alcohols.

Fatty Acid Composition of the Lipids from Atlantic Salmon-Comparison of Two Extraction Methods without Halogenated Solvents.

The scope of this paper was to apply two recently developed methods for lipid extraction: the methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) method and the BUME method. These two methods do not include halogenated solvents, which makes them less hazardous to the environment, less toxic, and needed in less volume compared to the standard methods for lipid extraction. Fatty acid composition of the lipids from Atlantic salmon ( Linnæus, 1758) was obtained by both procedures.

Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing.

Climate change is one of many ongoing human-induced environmental changes, but few studies consider interactive effects between multiple anthropogenic disturbances. In coastal sub-arctic heathland, we quantified the impact of a factorial design simulating extreme winter warming (WW) events (7 days at 6-7°C) combined with episodic summer nitrogen (+N) depositions (5 kg N ha) on plant winter physiology, plant community composition and ecosystem CO fluxes of an dominated heathland during 3 consecutive years in northern Norway. We expected that the +N would exacerbate any stress effects caused by the WW treatment.

Protein Determination-Method Matters.

The reported protein content of foods depends on the analytical method used for determination, making a direct comparison between studies difficult. The aim of this study was to examine and compare protein analytical methods. Some of these methods require extraction preceding analysis.

Contrasting survival and physiological responses of sub-Arctic plant types to extreme winter warming and nitrogen.

Evergreen plants are more vulnerable than grasses and birch to snow and temperature variability in the sub-Arctic. Most Arctic climate impact studies focus on single factors, such as summer warming, while ecosystems are exposed to changes in all seasons. Through a combination of field and laboratory manipulations, we compared physiological and growth responses of dominant sub-Arctic plant types to midwinter warming events (6 °C for 7 days) in combination with freezing, simulated snow thaw and nitrogen additions.