Effect of transesophageal echocardiography probe on tracheal perfusion pressure and ventilatory parameters in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass: A prospective observational study.

Background: Overinflation of cuffed endotracheal tubes and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe causes increased intracuff pressure (CP) compromising tracheal perfusion pressure (TPP). Primary objective of the study was to assess CP, TPP on TEE probe insertion and examination during pediatric cardiac surgeries. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the effect of the probe on peak airway pressures (P), mean airway pressures (P) and to monitor CP, TPP on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Left main coronary artery aneurysm with fistula to superior vena cava: A challenging case.

Coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) are rare congenital coronary artery abnormalities, with direct communication between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber, great vessel or other structure. We report here, a rare case of a 25-year-old male with CAF from the aneurysmal left main coronary artery to the superior vena cava detected on echocardiography and computerized tomography (CT) coronary angiography.

Correlation of venous to arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference with other cardiac output indices in patients undergoing intracardiac repair for tetralogy of fallot.

Background: Clearance of tissue carbon dioxide by circulation is measured by venous to arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference (AVCO) and is correlated with cardiac output (CO) in critically ill adult patients. This study aimed to correlate AVCO with other CO indices like arteriovenous oxygen saturation difference (AVO), central venous oxygen saturation (ScVO), and serum lactate in pediatric patients undergoing intracardiac repair (ICR) for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study in 50 patients, of age 5 months to 5 years, undergoing ICR for TOF and analyzed AVO, AVCO, ScVO, and lactate from arterial and venous blood gas pairs obtained at different time intervals from admission to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) (T), at 6 h (T), 12 h (T), 24 h (T), and 48 h (T) postoperatively.

Comparison of hemodynamic consequences of hand ventilation versus machine ventilation for transportation of post-operative pediatric cardiac patients.

Learning Objective: Hemodynamic monitoring during in-hospital transport of intubated patients is vital; however, no prospective randomized trials have evaluated the hemodynamic consequences of hand versus machine ventilation during transport among pediatric patients' post-cardiac surgery. The authors hypothesized that manual ventilation after pediatric cardiac surgery would alter hemodynamic and arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters during transport compared to mechanical ventilation.

Design: A prospective randomized trial.

A novel lung recruitment technique in pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases: A case series.

Background: Lung recruitment techniques are employed to help in improvement of pulmonary mechanics, facilitate early weaning, and shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation. We are reporting a novel lung recruitment technique employed in four children with left lung atelectasis, who underwent corrective surgery for congenital heart disease.

Materials And Methods: From January 2020 to March 2021, four pediatric cardiac patients having left lung atelectasis, undergoing corrective surgery were subjected to lung recruitment technique and had elective endobronchial intubation and suctioning with chest physiotherapy in the form of vibration and percussion.

Assessment of the effect of two regimens of milrinone infusion in paediatric patients with pulmonary artery hypertension undergoing corrective cardiac procedure: A prospective observational study.

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of two different regimens of milrinone in pediatric patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) undergoing corrective procedure.

Materials And Methods: This randomized prospective study included 100 pediatric patients undergoing corrective cardiac surgeries. Group E: Milrinone was started as infusion 0.

Thoracic paravertebral versus interpleural catheter for post-thoracotomy pain control in minimally invasive cardiac surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare efficacy and safety of paravertebral block (PVB) and interpleural analgesia (IPA) after minimally invasive cardiac surgery through thoracotomy in terms of quality of analgesia, post-operative mechanical ventilation time, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS) and complications.

Design: A randomized, prospective study.

Participants: A total of 50 adult patients (18-50 years old) undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery via thoracotomy.

Nephrocalcinosis in a patient with extrapulmonary tuberculosis - A rare entity.

Nephrocalcinosis is a rare condition in clinical practice where there is an increased renal deposition of calcium. Varied causes of this condition have been given in literature, and tuberculosis (TB) has been an important one. Hypercalcemia is a known complication of granulomatous diseases.