Publications by authors named "Guri Grimnes"

Unlabelled: In a Norwegian youth cohort followed from adolescence to young adulthood, bone mineral density (BMD) levels declined at the femoral neck and total hip from 16 to 27 years but continued to increase at the total body indicating a site-specific attainment of peak bone mass.

Purpose: To examine longitudinal trends in bone mineral density (BMD) levels in Norwegian adolescents into young adulthood.

Method: In a prospective cohort design, we followed 980 adolescents (473 (48%) females) aged 16-19 years into adulthood (age of 26-29) on three occasions: 2010-2011 (Fit Futures 1 (FF1)), 2012-2013 (FF2), and 2021-2022 (FF3), measuring BMD (g/cm) at the femoral neck, total hip, and total body with dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

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Article Synopsis
  • A study in Norway found that individuals with lower educational levels have a higher risk of hip fractures, particularly among those aged 50 to 90 years.
  • For men with primary education, the risk of hip fractures was significantly higher compared to those with tertiary education, while women showed similar trends.
  • Interestingly, for individuals over 90 years old, the cumulative incidence of hip fractures was higher in those with higher education due to increased life expectancy, reversing the trend seen in younger age groups.
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Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) comprise a large group of chemicals that are ubiquitous in the environment and include recognized persistent organic pollutants. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate possible endocrine disrupting effects of different PFAS in adolescents.

Methods: Serum concentrations of PFAS, thyroid, parathyroid and steroid hormones were measured in 921 adolescents aged 15-19 years in the Fit Futures study, Northern Norway.

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Context: Longitudinal data regarding vitamin D status in adolescence is scarce. This study presents population-based data from an Arctic adolescent population (n = 589) at 16 and 18 years.

Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate changes in vitamin D status during 2 years in adolescence, and whether lifestyle changes were associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) at follow-up.

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Objective: Increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease has been reported in autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD), but pathomechanisms are poorly understood.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: We compared serum levels of 177 cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers in 43 patients with AAD at >18-h glucocorticoid withdrawal and 43 matched controls, overall and stratified for sex.

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Purpose: Residual adrenocortical function, RAF, has recently been demonstrated in one-third of patients with autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD). Here, we set out to explore any influence of RAF on the levels of plasma metanephrines and any changes following stimulation with cosyntropin.

Methods: We included 50 patients with verified RAF and 20 patients without RAF who served as controls upon cosyntropin stimulation testing.

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Article Synopsis
  • High excess mortality after hip fractures reflects both the injury itself and pre-existing health conditions, with a significant portion of deaths occurring within the first year post-fracture.
  • A study of 146,132 patients in Norway from 1999 to 2016 found that 24.3% died within a year, primarily due to external causes (like falls) and circulatory diseases shortly after the fracture.
  • The analysis showed that the relative risk of dying from various causes, like circulatory and nervous system diseases, was significantly higher in hip fracture patients compared to age- and sex-matched controls.
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Male sex is associated with higher risk of both colonisation and infection with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). However, the role of sex-steroids in colonisation among men is largely unknown.

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Objective: The scarcity of research on associations between inflammatory markers and symptoms of depression and anxiety during adolescence has yielded inconsistent results. Further, not all studies have controlled for potential confounders. We explored the associations between baseline inflammatory markers and psychological distress including moderators at follow-up in a Norwegian adolescent population sample.

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Background: Inflammatory markers have been associated with depression and anxiety disorder in adolescents. Less is known about the association between inflammation and subclinical symptoms in the form of psychological distress. We investigated prevalence of psychological distress and examined the associations between common pro-inflammatory markers and psychological distress in an adolescent population sample.

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Sex differences in chronic pain are well established with documented predominance in women. This study assessed relationships between age at menarche and chronic pain, site-specific chronic pain, pain characteristics, and chronic widespread pain (CWP). We used data from the Tromsø Study conducted in 2007 to 2008 and 2015 to 2016 (Tromsø 6 and Tromsø 7 waves) including participants aged 30 to 99 years.

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Objective: Combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC) use has been associated with higher total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. Here, we investigate the relation between CHC use and vitamin D metabolism to elucidate its clinical interpretation.

Methods: The cross-sectional Fit Futures 1 included 1038 adolescents.

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Introduction: We aimed to investigate whether the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes varies by socioeconomic status and healthcare consumption, in a Norwegian population screened with glycated hemoglobin (HbA).

Research Design And Methods: In this cohort study, we studied age-standardized diabetes prevalence using data from men and women aged 40-89 years participating in four surveys of the Tromsø Study with available data on HbA and self-reported diabetes: 1994-1995 (n=6720), 2001 (n=5831), 2007-2008 (n=11 987), and 2015-2016 (n=20 170). We defined undiagnosed diabetes as HbA ≥6.

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Unlabelled: Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) predicts future fracture risk. This study explores associations between use of tobacco and bone accretion in Norwegian adolescents. Our results indicate that use of snuff is negatively associated with accretion of aBMD in adolescence and may be a signal of increased future fracture risk.

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Objective: Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen, and nasal carriers have an increased risk for infection and disease. The exploration of host determinants for nasal carriage is relevant to decrease infection burden. Former studies demonstrate lower carriage prevalence in women and among users of progestin-only contraceptives.

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Background: There are indications that an increased intake of calcium has a vitamin D sparing effect, which might be explained by a decreased catabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). However, there are only a few studies where this has been examined.

Method: In the seventh survey of the Tromsø study, serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone were measured, and questionnaires on calcium and vitamin D intakes filled in.

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Background/case Presentation: A man in his sixties with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was hospitalised due to oedema and dyspnoea during the previous weeks. He was hypertensive, with 10 kg weight gain, generalised oedema, proximal myopathy and moon face. The assessment was consistent with ectopic ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome.

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Immune-mediated bone loss significantly impacts fracture risk in patients with autoimmune disease, but to what extent individual variations in immune responses affect fracture risk on a population level is unknown. To examine how immune responses relate to risk of hip fracture, we looked at the individual variation in a post-vaccination skin test response that involves some of the immune pathways that also drive bone loss. From 1963 to 1975, the vast majority of the Norwegian adult population was examined as part of the compulsory nationwide Norwegian mass tuberculosis screening.

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Objective: In addition to its skeletal effects, vitamin D may also be important for health in general. It is uncertain what level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), marker of vitamin D status, is sufficient for these effects. With decreasing serum 25(OH)D levels there is an increase in serum PTH.

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