Assessment of Microcirculation and Microrheological Parameters of Blood in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Biophotonics Techniques.

In this study, the parameters of blood microcirculation and microrheology were measured using the methods of laser aggregometry and optical tweezers in vitro, as well as the method of digital capillaroscopy in vivo. It was shown that in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus, an increase in the number of RBC aggregates passing through the narrow capillaries leads to a significant decrease in the velocity of the capillary blood flow, which can be explained by the increased viscosity of the whole blood and decreased deformability of RBCs. Also, for the group of patients, a statistically significant increase in the rate of RBC aggregation and the hydrodynamic strength of aggregates, RBC aggregation and disaggregation forces were observed compared to the control group.

Influence of optical clearing agents on the scattering properties of human nail bed and blood microrheological properties: In vivo and in vitro study.

Optical clearing agents (OCAs) are substances that temporarily modify tissue's optical properties, enabling better imaging and light penetration. This study aimed to assess the impact of OCAs on the nail bed and blood using in vivo and in vitro optical methods. In the in vivo part, OCAs were applied to the nail bed, and optical coherence tomography and optical digital capillaroscopy were used to evaluate their effects on optical clearing and capillary blood flow, respectively.

Correlation between the Capillary Blood Flow Characteristics and Endothelium Function in Healthy Volunteers and Patients Suffering from Coronary Heart Disease and Atrial Fibrillation: A Pilot Study.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) pose significant health risks and require accurate diagnostic tools to assess the severity and progression of the diseases. Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations in providing detailed information about blood flow characteristics, particularly in the microcirculation. This study's objective was to examine and compare the microcirculation in both healthy volunteers and patient groups with CHD and AF.

The influence of refractive state and heterophorias on visual acuity and stereoacuity in healthy young adults.

Purpose: To evaluate associations of refractive error and heterophoria with best-corrected visual acuity and stereoacuity in a population of healthy young adults.

Methods: Data extracted from the Israeli Defense Forces Air Force candidates database was analyzed retrospectively. Myopia and hyperopia were defined as spherical equivalent of ≤ -0.

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying TDP-43 Pathology in Cellular and Animal Models of ALS and FTLD.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are neurodegenerative disorders that exist on a disease spectrum due to pathological, clinical and genetic overlap. In up to 97% of ALS cases and ~50% of FTLD cases, the primary pathological protein observed in affected tissues is TDP-43, which is hyperphosphorylated, ubiquitinated and cleaved. The TDP-43 is observed in aggregates that are abnormally located in the cytoplasm.

Multimodal Diagnostics of Microrheologic Alterations in Blood of Coronary Heart Disease and Diabetic Patients.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) has serious implications for human health and needs to be diagnosed as early as possible. In this article in vivo and in vitro optical methods are used to study blood properties related to the aggregation of red blood cells in patients with CHD and comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results show not only a significant difference of the aggregation in patients compared to healthy people, but also a correspondence between in vivo and in vitro parameters.

Pericapillary Edema Assessment by Means of the Nailfold Capillaroscopy and Laser Scanning Microscopy.

Edema, i.e., fluid accumulation in the interstitial space, accompanies numerous pathological states of the human organism, including heart failure (HF), inflammatory response, and lymphedema.

Optical assessment of alterations of microrheologic and microcirculation parameters in cardiovascular diseases.

In this work, we compare the blood aggregation parameters measured in vitro by laser aggregometry and optical trapping techniques in blood samples with the parameters of blood rheology measured in vivo by digital capillaroscopy in the nail bed capillaries of patients suffering from the hypertension and coronary heart disease. We show that the alterations of the parameters measured in vivo and in vitro for patients with different stages of these diseases are interrelated. Good agreement between the results obtained with different techniques, and their applicability for the diagnostics of abnormalities of rheological properties of blood are demonstrated.

Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy: The Origin of Fluorophores and Capabilities for Analyzing Biochemical Processes.

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is a method of molecular imaging and specifically of intravital imaging that is characterized by high spatial resolution in combination with a greater depth of penetration into the tissue. MPM is a multimodal method based on detection of nonlinear optical signals - multiphoton fluorescence and optical harmonics - and also allows imaging with the use of the parameters of fluorescence decay kinetics. This review describes and discusses photophysical processes within major reporter molecules used in MPM with endogenous contrasts and summarizes several modern experiments that illustrate the capabilities of label-free MPM for molecular imaging of biochemical processes in connective tissue and cells.

Combined influence of the local atmosphere conditions and space weather on three parameters of 24-h electrocardiogram monitoring.

The effect of local atmosphere status and space weather on the healthy volunteers and the patients suffering arterial hypertension (AH) is studied. The research group included 12 healthy volunteers and 15 patients suffering AH of 1-2 degree. In the period of 24-h electrocardiogram monitoring (ECG), all the patients suffering AH continued to take effective antihypertensive therapy individually prescribed.

In vivo optical imaging of the viable epidermis around the nailfold capillaries for the assessment of heart failure severity in humans.

Heart failure (HF) is among the socially significant diseases, involving over 2% of the adult population in the developed countries. Diagnostics of the HF severity remains complicated due to the absence of specific symptoms and objective criteria. Here, we present an indicator of the HF severity based on the imaging of tissue parameters around the nailfold capillaries.

[Microcirculatory parameters in compensated and decompensated type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Aim: To reveal the features of microcirculatory parameters in compensated and decompensated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Subjects And Methods: A total of 196 patients with T2DM were examined and divided into 2 groups: 1) 52 patients (40.4% of men) aged 52.

Geomagnetic storm under laboratory conditions: randomized experiment.

The influence of the previously recorded geomagnetic storm (GS) on human cardiovascular system and microcirculation has been studied under laboratory conditions. Healthy volunteers in lying position were exposed under two artificially created conditions: quiet (Q) and storm (S). The Q regime playbacks a noise-free magnetic field (MF) which is closed to the natural geomagnetic conditions on Moscow's latitude.

Two-photon autofluorescence lifetime imaging of human skin papillary dermis in vivo: assessment of blood capillaries and structural proteins localization.

The papillary dermis of human skin is responsible for its biomechanical properties and for supply of epidermis with chemicals. Dermis is mainly composed of structural protein molecules, including collagen and elastin, and contains blood capillaries. Connective tissue diseases, as well as cardiovascular complications have manifestations on the molecular level in the papillary dermis (e.

Effect of zero magnetic field on cardiovascular system and microcirculation.

The effects of zero magnetic field conditions on cardiovascular system of healthy adults have been studied. In order to generate zero magnetic field, the facility for magnetic fields modeling "ARFA" has been used. Parameters of the capillary blood flow, blood pressure, and the electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring were measured during the study.

The influence of meteorological and geomagnetic factors on acute myocardial infarction and brain stroke in Moscow, Russia.

Evidence of the impact of air temperature and pressure on cardiovascular morbidity is still quite limited and controversial, and even less is known about the potential influence of geomagnetic activity. The objective of this study was to assess impacts of air temperature, barometric pressure and geomagnetic activity on hospitalizations with myocardial infarctions and brain strokes. We studied 2,833 myocardial infarctions and 1,096 brain strokes registered in two Moscow hospitals between 1992 and 2005.

Influence of helio-geophysical factors (HGF) on environments, on health state and reliability of man's professional functioning, on processes of society development.

The present work reveals the helio-geophysical factors HGF) influence on natural surroundings, human and society, health state and professional reliability of human functioning in technogenic and social systems of extreme risk. The interdisciplinary complex investigations were performed on the social-population, organismal, organ cell and molecular levels. The HGF synergistic influence on a human state and functioning and the society especially within megalopolises' non-equilibrium geo-dynamic zones was studied in details.

Effect of geomagnetic storms on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in ischemic patients.

The dynamics of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in patients with ischemic disease shows a significantly different pattern in the days of raised geomagnetic activity as compared to quiet days. This is revealed by a greater intensity of ESR variations during geomagnetic storms as compared to the days of when there was little or no sun activity (quiet sun). Such behavior of red blood cells reflects the patient's individual sensitivity to geomagnetic field fluctuations.