Efficacy and safety of oral cyclophosphamide versus mycophenolate mofetil in childhood nephrotic syndrome: an open-label comparative study.

Introduction: There is a scarcity of research comparing the efficacy of cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil in childhood nephrotic syndrome. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral cyclophosphamide (CYC) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in terms of the proportion of children who have been off steroids for at least 6 months without proteinuria (responders).

Methods: This open-label retrospective-prospective comparative study was conducted in a pediatric nephrology clinic of a referral center for children between 1 and 18 years of age with FR/SD nephrotic syndrome.

Validation of the STARZ neonatal acute kidney injury risk stratification score in an independent prospective cohort.

Objective: A rapid AKI risk assessment score would allow for improving management and outcomes. STARZ (Sethi, Tibrewal, Agrawal, Raina, waZir) score was developed for acute kidney injury (AKI) risk stratification of critically ill neonates. This is the first independent validation for the novel score outside the original enrolled centres.

Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life in Adult Patients on Hemodialysis.

Background: Hemodialysis in end-stage renal disease patients causes disability in different domains of patient's lives, leading to impaired (quality of life [QOL]). Studies measuring the QOL in patients on renal replacement therapy are limited in the Indian scenario.

Aims: To evaluate the QOL in adult patients on maintenance hemodialysis by applying the World Health Organization QOL (WHOQOL)-BREF scale.

Comparison of Clinical Features and Outcome of Dengue Fever and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With COVID-19 (MIS-C).

Objective: To identify clinical and laboratory features that differentiate dengue fever patients from MIS-C patients and determine their outcomes.

Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was done at a tertiary care teaching institute. We enrolled all hospitalized children aged 1 month - 18 years and diagnosed with either MIS-C and/or dengue fever according to WHO criteria between June and December, 2020.

Oral cyclophosphamide therapy in 100 children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome: experience from a developing country.

Background: Oral cyclophosphamide (CYP) is an important therapeutic agent in treatment of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome having a steroid-dependent (SD) or frequent relapsing (FR) course. This retrospective observational study aimed to determine response to oral CYP and factors associated with positive response in these patients.

Methods: We studied 100 children (male; 75) with FR (19%) and SD (81%) NS treated with CYP in the Pediatric Nephrology clinic.

Utilization of the renal angina index in PICU of a developing country for prediction of subsequent severe acute kidney injury.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is independently associated with worsened morbidity and increased mortality in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). AKI risk score, termed renal angina index (RAI) is used in developed countries to predict subsequent severe AKI. Very few studies have investigated application of RAI in the PICU of a developing country.

Nephrotic range proteinuria as a presenting feature of classical nephropathic cystinosis.

Patients with renal tubular acidosis (RTA) usually have tubular or low molecular weight proteinuria. The authors present a rare case of a 6-y-old girl with Fanconi syndrome secondary to cystinosis, who at presentation had nephrotic range proteinuria along with rickets and failure to thrive. Although hypoalbuminemia and massive proteinuria are characteristics of nephrotic syndrome, there are other conditions which can present with massive proteinuria.