MRI radiomics based machine learning model of the periaqueductal gray matter in migraine patients.

Background And Purpose:

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of changes in brain metabolites following electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depressive disorder.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic changes in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) induced by electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with MDD via H-MRS. The study was conducted on 13 MDD patients receiving ECT treatment and 14 healthy controls matched in terms of age, gender and education. The patients underwent six sessions of ECT.

More than Ophelia syndrome: Multiple paraneoplastic syndromes in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma.

Demirsoy U, Alparslan B, Şen MC, Anık Y, Akansel G, Görür G, Gürel B, Aksu G, Çorapçıoğlu F. More than Ophelia syndrome: Multiple paraneoplastic syndromes in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 139-141.

Multiple primary intraosseous meningioma mimicking fibrous dysplasia: a case report.

Primary intraosseous meningioma (PIM) is a rare subtype of primary extradural meningiomas. These rare ectopic meningiomas have been usually reported in the frontotemporal regions of the calvarium, orbits, and anterior cranial fossa. We report a case with bilateral tumors located in frontoparietal regions of calvarium.

FAM160B1 deficit associated with microcephaly, severe intellectual disability, ataxia, behavioral abnormalities and speech problems.

Intellectual disability (ID) varies in severity and is often associated with a variety of other clinical features. In consanguineous populations ID is usually inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. Many genes are known for the condition, but many more are yet to be identified.

The Performance of Radiographic Criteria for Bone Malignancy When Applied to Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: The conventional radiologic features that differentiate benign from malignant bone lesions were originally described using radiography (x-ray [XR]). When evaluating sectional imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), one may apply these principles to identify malignant bone lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of these radiographic features for detecting malignity when applied to CT and MRI.

Fluoroscopic Comparison of Cervical Spine Motion Using LMA CTrach, C-MAC Videolaryngoscope and Macintosh Laryngoscope.

Objective: Endotracheal intubation should be performed with care when cervical spine (C-spine) injury is suspected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the movement of the C-spine using fluoroscopy during intubation with Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) CTrach, C-MAC videolaryngoscope and Macintosh laryngoscope.

Methods: This was a single-centre, prospective, observational, controlled trial.

Neurotrophic factors and hippocampal activity in PTSD.

Although numerous studies have investigated the neurotrophic factors and hippocampal activity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) separately each other, it is unclear whether an association between neurotrophic factors and hippocampal activity is present. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional changes in hippocampus before and after treatment with escitalopram and to associate these changes with peptides related to neuronal growth in patients with chronic PTSD and trauma survivors without PTSD. Fifteen earthquake survivors with chronic PTSD and thirteen drug naïve trauma exposed individuals without PTSD underwent fMRI scans in a block design.

Liver Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Changes during Telaprevir-Based Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C.

Background: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has become an established diagnostic modality for the evaluation of liver parenchymal changes in diseases such as diffuse liver fibrosis.

Aims: To evaluate the parenchymal apparent diffusion coefficient value (ADC) changes using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) during telaprevir-based triple therapy.

Study Design: Diagnostic accuracy study.

Bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss caused by leptomeningeal carcinomatosis: case report and review.

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis is a rare condition characterized by diffuse infiltration of the meninges after the metastasis of the solid tumors. Bilateral sudden hearing loss is a rare initial symptom. In this article, we report a 44-year-old male patient with bilateral sudden hearing loss and dizziness.

Assessment of early and late dysphagia using videofluoroscopy and quality of life questionnaires in patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiation therapy.

Backgorund: The aim of this study was to evaluate dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy using objective and subjective tools simultaneously and to associate the clinical correlates of dysphagia with dosimetric parameters.

Methods: Twenty patients were included in the study. The primary tumor and the involved lymph nodes (LN) were treated with 66-70 Gy, the uninvolved LN were treated with 46-50 Gy.

Comparison of the diagnostic performances of diffusion parameters in diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging of breast lesions.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the diffusion parameters measured by conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for discrimination of malignant breast lesions from benign lesions and the normal breast.

Materials And Methods: The study included 52 women with 55 breast lesions (30 malignant, 25 benign). DTI and DWI were performed complementary to dynamic contrast MRI at 3T.

Differentiation of lymphoma versus sarcoidosis in the setting of mediastinal-hilar lymphadenopathy: assessment with diffusion-weighted MR imaging.

Objectives: To determine the performance of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating lymphoma from sarcoidosis in mediastinal-hilar lymphadenopathy.

Materials And Methods: Forty-four mediastinal-hilar lymphadenopathy were examined in 27 patients with T1- and T2-weighted conventional images. Then, two diffusion-weighted images were obtained with b = 0 and 1000 s/mm2 values and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were calculated.

Treatment for painful bone marrow edema by open wedge tibial osteotomy.

We evaluated the results of patients who had undergone medial open wedge proximal tibial osteotomy, with painful bone marrow edema in the medial tibial plateau. The study included 21 patients who had presented with knee pain and whose MRIs showed bone marrow edema in medial plateau. The degree of osteoarthritis was evaluated radiologically according to the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria; 6 cases were Grade 1, 11 cases were Grade 2, and 3 cases were Grade 3.

Solitary angiokeratoma of the tongue in an adult patient treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy.

A solitary mucosal angiokeratoma is an extremely rare presentation. In this report, we present a 67-year-old woman with a 3 cm solitary angiokeratoma involving the tongue, who was treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy after declining surgery. The patient is alive and free of disease at 1.

Diagnostic performance of conventional diffusion weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging for the liver fibrosis and inflammation.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of liver apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measured with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (CDI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis and inflammation.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-seven patients with histologic diagnosis of chronic viral hepatitis and 34 healthy volunteers were included in this prospective study. All patients and healthy volunteers were examined by 3T MRI.

Differentiation of malignant and benign lung lesions with diffusion-weighted MR imaging.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of lung lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS.: Sixty-seven patients with lung lesions (48 malignant, 19 benign) were included in this prospective study.

Preoperative evaluation of myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma: diagnostic performance of 3T MRI.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 3T MRI in preoperative staging of myometrial invasion.

Methods: Twenty-eight women with histological diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma were included in this prospective study. After T2-W SS-TSE and DWI, dynamic series of T1-W THRIVE images were obtained (0-180 s) followed by a T1-W THRIVE sequence in the late phase (5th min).

Early and delayed CT findings in patients with mild-to-moderate head trauma.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes between the initial and late cranial CT scans in patients with mild-to-moderate head trauma. MATERIAL and

Methods: Of the two thousand six hundred and forty-four patients hospitalized for head trauma within a two-year period, 112 (4.24%) patients scored 8 or above in the Glasgow coma scale and there were changes between initial and late head CT.

A rare tumor of nasal bone in a child: osteoblastoma.

Benign osteoblastoma is an uncommon bone tumor, representing 1% of all benign tumors and 3% of all primary bone tumors. Intranasal or paranasal osteoblastoma is particularly rare. Osteoblastoma occurs more frequently in males, at a peak age between 10 and 20 years.

Malignant versus benign mediastinal lesions: quantitative assessment with diffusion weighted MR imaging.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the performance of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating malignant from benign mediastinal lesions.

Methods: Fifty-three mediastinal lesions were examined with T1- and T2-weighted (W) conventional images. Then, two diffusion-weighted images were obtained with b = 0 and 1000 s/mm² values and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were calculated.

Differentiation of two subtypes of adult hydrocephalus by mixture of experts.

This paper illustrates the use of mixture of experts (ME) network structure to guide model selection for diagnosis of two subtypes of adult hydrocephalus (normal-pressure hydrocephalus-NPH and aqueductal stenosis-AS). The ME is a modular neural network architecture for supervised learning. Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm was used for training the ME so that the learning process is decoupled in a manner that fits well with the modular structure.

Diffusion weighted MR imaging in the differential diagnosis of haemangiomas and metastases of the liver.

Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the value of diffusion-weighted imaging in the differential diagnosis of haemangiomas from metastases of the liver. PATIENTS AND METHODS.: We analyzed 69 lesions in 38 patients (33 haemangiomas; 36 metastases) in the retrospective study.

Conventional and diffusion-weighted MRI of extrahepatic hydatid cysts.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of conventional and diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of extrahepatic hydatid cysts.

Materials And Methods: Forty-one extrahepatic hydatid cysts (12 renal, 6 pulmonary, 5 peritoneal, 4 bone, 3 soft tissue, 3 pancreatic, 2 splenic, 2 retroperitoneal, 1 adrenal, 1 scrotal, 1 diaphragmatic, and 1 cardiac) were included in this retrospective study. After a series of routine conventional MRI, DW imaging was performed using a breath-hold, single-shot, echo-planar, spin echo sequence with three b factors (0, 500 and 1,000 s/mm(2)), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were created.

A case of Jarcho-Levin syndrome associated with bilateral cystic renal disease and wilms tumor: MR imaging findings.

Jarcho-Levin syndrome (JLS) is a congenital disorder characterized by a variety of vertebral and costal anomalies that result in thoracic deformity. Hitherto, a plethora of associated anomalies have been described in several reports. In this report, the authors describe a case of JLS who has Wilms tumor and bilateral cystic renal disease.